Learning objectives
The mature cystic ovarian teratoma is seen quite frequently in the daily practice and it is often an incidental diagnosis.
In the present work we offer some tools that may be added to the baseline for a better assessment of mature cystic ovarian teratoma diagnosis.
Our objectives are:
1.
To evaluate the role of plain radiograph,
ultrasound,
CT and MRI pelvic in the diagnosis of mature cystic ovarian teratoma.
2.
To revise through some cases the radiologic findings of mature cystic ovarian teratoma using several...
Background
Ovarian teratoma is a type of germ cell tumour.
Teratomas comprise a number of histologic types of tumors.
The mature cystic teratoma (also known as dermoid cyst) is the most common of these tumors and,
in some series,
the most common ovarian neoplasm (10-20%) of all ovarian neoplasms.
That is why it is critical to correctly identify them,
and several imaging techniques are proven helpful to reach a proper and rapid diagnosis.
Mature cystic teratoma is especially prevalent in younger age group (mean patient age,...
Findings and procedure details
Plain radiograph may help to diagnose teratoma showing tooth components or nonspecific calcifications.
It is seen as a cystic adnexal mass with some mural components (mural hyperechoic Rokitansky nodule) with ultrasound (preferred for no ionising radiation).
CT images demonstrate calcifications,
fat or fat-fluid level or Rokitansky protuberances.
Finally,
MRI is really sensible identifying fat components.
Malignant transformation should be suspected when the size exceeds 10cms or soft tissue parts of the neoplasm have an irregular shape or invade contiguous structures.
We will proceed to explain...
Conclusion
The identification of fat via CT or MRI,
tooth components with plain radiograph,
or a cystic adnexal mass with some mural components using US,
allow the diagnostic of mature cystic ovarian teratoma.
The US is the preferred imaging modality because it doesn’t emit ionising radiation,
particularly important in the young patients who are the main group population affected.
Personal information
First author: Xenia CODO TARRAUBELLA
ESR / SERAM Member
Resident.
Radiology DptHospital San Pedro
Piqueras 98 Logrono 26006 (Spain)
[email protected]
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