To describe the role of imaging in kidney transplantation, from the assessment of the donor’s anatomy to the evaluation of early and late complications in transplant recipient.

Renal transplantation from a living donor or cadaver represents currently the treatment of choice for patients with chronic renal failure in terminal uremic stage; despite the recent progress obtained in terms of survival with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, transplantation is the best treatment not only to restore a normal kidney function, but also to propose a good quality of life in most cases. Careful donor selection and an accurate study of recipients are crucial for the transplantation. In addition, it is easy to understand the...

Pre-transplant evaluation The evaluation of the living donor kidney is very important to identify vascular and pielo-ureteral variations, whose presence affects the pre-transplant surgical planning. Recipient assessment is carried out during the pre-transplant and post-transplant, the latter in order to identify early and late complications. Anatomical variations Renal arteries and veins show numerous anatomical variations, characterized by one or more vessels with different morphologies and branch level; consequently, vascular anatomy plays a decisive role in the choice of the kidney for the transplantation, especially if...

ConclusionUS, TCMD and RMhave a critical role to give an accurate pre- and post-operative assessment of the donor and of the recipient; interventional radiologic techniques allow nonsurgical treatment of vascular complications of renal transplantation.

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Noemi M.G. Ognibene, MD Radiodiagnostic and Oncological Radiotherapy Unit University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele" Via Santa Sofia 78 - 95123, Catania -Italy [email protected] Federica Di Martino, MD Radiodiagnostic and Oncological Radiotherapy Unit University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele" Via Santa Sofia 78 - 95123, Catania -Italy [email protected] Stefano Palmucci, MD Radiodiagnostic and Oncological Radiotherapy Unit University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele" Via Santa Sofia 78 - 95123, Catania -Italy [email protected] Camillo Tilocca, MD Radiodiagnostic and Oncological Radiotherapy Unit University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele" Via Santa Sofia 78 - 95123, Catania -Italy...