Background – Epidemiology MS Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common inflammatory-demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. With an prevalence greater than 100 per 100,000 is affects over 2 million people worldwide. [1, 2] It is the most frequent cause of non-traumatic neurological disability in young and middle-aged adults [3] and there has been an increasing incidence over the last decades. [4] Two third of the patients are women and the typical age of manifestation is between 20 and 40 years. [1] The symptoms...

Material & Methods – Patients The study was performed in accord with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975 and approved by the local ethics committee. Written informed consent was waived. We conducted a retrospective study at our institution on MRI data achieved between September 1st, 2009 and April 30th, 2015. Every patient who received a baseline MRI and at least one follow-up study under suspicion or for control of a chronic demyelinating central nervous disease was included. Material & Methods – MR imaging All MR examinations...

Results - Patients During the study period, 357 patients with clinically proven or suspected chronic demyelinating central nervous disease underwent baseline MRI and at least one follow-up study. 77 patients were excluded due to MR imaging protocol violations. 9 patients were excluded due to incomplete segmentation process. In 16 patients the diagnosis of a chronic demyelinating central nervous disease could not be confirmed. 255 patients were included in the final evaluation. 85 were male (33.3%) and 170 female (66.7%), the mean age was 45.1 years...

Discussion - Main Findings Visual Assessment (sensitivity of 81.1% for racT2ll) is time consuming and error-prone. Therefore, computer aided lesion detection is desirable. Disregarding the quantitatively correct assessment of changes: sensitivity sadcT2ll vs racT2ll 84.9% vs 92.7% specificity sadcT2ll vs racT2ll 99.7% vs 97.6% Regarding the correct assessment of cT2ll: sadcT2ll lacks of accuracy (i.e. sensitivity of 69.6% vs 81.1% of racT2ll) sadcT2ll with high specificity (i.e. 99.4% vs 95.7% of racT2ll) The findings demonstrate, that the diagnostic performance of the method for sadcT2ll presented...

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