Identify and describe the most common localizations of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) in the pediatric age. Emphasis on the contribution of imaging resources in the various stages of RMS management.

Imaging plays a major role in the overall management of the child with RMS, based on the different modalities (radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)), which permits to adapt to each location, at different stages of diagnosis, treatment and post-therapeutic follow-up.

RMS is the most frequent soft tissue sarcoma of the pediatric age. Its clinical presentation depends widely on its location (with a predilection for the head, the cervical region and the pelvis), however, it is characterized by its rapid evolution, its mass effect, and its extensions. Histologically, several subtypes can be identified. The majority of cases are sporadic, however, some syndromic associations can be elicted. Imaging means (radiography, ultrasound, CT, and MRI) contribute to the diagnosis, treatment decision and follow-up of the diagnosed RMS in...

A good knowledge of the clinical presentation of the RMS makes it possible to codify the strategy of the imaging explorations, in order to establish the diagnosis. Follow-up and subsequent therapy adjustments are dependent on adequate imaging control, ensuring good results in the future.

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