Learning objectives
1. To review the morphology of central scars (CS) found in different types of hepatic tumors (HT).
2. To describe and illustrate the CT and MRI patterns of this discriminatory feature found both in benign and malignant pathologies.
3. To synthesize the positive diagnosis criteria used in imaging HT with CS and to separate different types of lesions,
with a great impact on subsequent management.
Background
INTRODUCTION
The CS is an uncommon imaging finding in hepatic lesions,
although is found in a variety of liver pathologies ranging from benign to malignant tumors.
It is considered to be a discriminatory feature for the positive and differential diagnosis of liver masses with a different therapeutic approach.
The most common liver masses associated with a CS are represented by:
- focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH)
- large hemangioma
- fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLHC) [1].
Rarely,
a CS has been described in other hepatic tumors such as:...
Findings and procedure details
TEHNIQUES
Multislice CT protocol
Abdominal non-enhanced and contrast enhanced CT (NECT+CECT) was performed in all cases.
All patients received 1,5ml/kg of a nonionic iodine based contrast media (350-370 I mg/ml),
with a power injector flow of 3ml/sec.
CT acquisition was initiated at 30-35 seconds for the arterial phase,
60-90 seconds for portal venous phase and at 180-300 seconds for the late phase,
calculated from the starting point of the injection.
MRI protocol
Abdominal examination with a 1.5 T MR system with body phased array coils...
Conclusion
1.
In our study we found giant hemangioma,
focal nodular hyperplasia and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to be the commonest liver tumors associated with a central scar.
2.Lesions with increased diameterassociate more frequently a CS but also necrosis.
3.
The central scar is an important feature,
which helps distinguish between hepatic tumors with a different therapeutic approach,
in a clinico-biological context and personal history data.
4.Radiologists should know the mimics of the central scars and its morphology,
which correlates with the imaging aspects.
Personal information
Dr.
Madalina I.
Ciocan - radiology resident
Prof.
Dr.
Ioana G.
Lupescu
University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila",
Bucharest,
Romania
Radiology and Imaging Department,
Fundeni Clinical Institute,
Bucharest,
Romania
References
1.
Blachard A,
Federie M.
P,
Ferris J.
V,
et al.
Radiologists’ Performance in the Diagnosis of Liver Tumors with Central Scars by Using Specific CT Criteria.
RadioGraphics 2002;223;2.
2.
Kim T,
Hori M,
Onishi H.
Liver masses with central or eccentric scar.
PubMed 2009;30(5):418-25.
3.
Silva A.
C,
Evans J.
M,
McCullough A.
E,
et al.
MR Imaging of Hypervascular Liver Masses: A Review of Current Techniques.
RadioGraphics 2009;29;2.
4.
Prasad S.
R,
Wang H,
Rosas H,
et al.
Fat-containing Lesions of the Liver:...