Learning objectives
Describe and illustrate the most important findings of multiple sclerosis variants.
Provide key information for the diagnostic imaging of multiple sclerosis variants.
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) of an immune nature,
which causes mainly demyelination,
but also axonal damage to a variable degree,
producing neurodegeneration.
It preferentially affects women between 20-45 years.
The prevalence is greater as one moves away from the equator in both hemispheres.
The majority of patients present an undulating clinical course with exacerbations and remissions in their symptomatology called recurrent remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and less frequently progressive secondary (PMSS) and primary progressive (PPMS)....
Findings and procedure details
TUMEFACTIVE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
It is a type of multiple sclerosis that can occur at any age,
most often between 20 and 30 years.Its etiology is unknown.
They are pseudotumoral lesions that present as a large intraparenchymal lesion (> 2 cm) with mass effect less than expected for their size.
They can simulate a glioma of low to high grade,
lymphoma,
stroke,
infections and abscesses.
CT is useful in the differential diagnosis with gliomas when it is correlated with MRI,
since the ring seen in the...
Conclusion
MS is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system,
which presents radiological variants,
often difficult to diagnose.
It is important that the radiologist knows these variants in MRI that contribute to the diagnosis and correct treatment.
References
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Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs): A case series of clinicoradiological features.
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2017 Nov;162:91-94.
Katdare A,
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Systematic imaging review: Multiple Sclerosis.
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Algahtani H,
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Tumefactive demyelinating lesions: A comprehensive review.
Mult Scler...