Facial Nerve Palsy: Key Clues You Need to Know.

Congress:

ECR 2018

Poster Number:

C-2524

Type:

Educational Exhibit

Keywords:

Neuroradiology peripheral nerve, Ear / Nose / Throat, Head and neck, CT, MR, CT-High Resolution, Comparative studies, Education, Structured reporting, Education and training, Pathology, Cancer

Authors:

L. B. Cabanzo Campos¹, J. Cabero Moyano², J. C. Tortajada Bustelo³, A. Rovira-Cañellas⁴, C. D. Hernández Giraldo⁵, M. Juarez García², C. Ortiz ², S. Siurana², M. A. Rios Vives⁶; ¹Barcelona, cataluña/ES, ²Barcelona/ES, ³Sabadell/ES, ⁴Barcelona /ES, ⁵Barcelona, Barcelona/ES, ⁶BARCELONA, BA/ES

DOI:

10.1594/ecr2018/C-2524

DOI-Link:

https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/ecr2018/C-2524

Fig. 1: Supranuclear Control of VII: Upper Motor Neuron (Motor Cortex).

Fig. 2: Overview of facial nerve components (parotid gland removed).

Fig. 3: Axial T1 image and sagittal T2-FLAIR focused on the pons. The motor nucleus of...

Fig. 4: Axial 3D CISS (constructive interference in steady state)image at the level of...

Learning objectives

Identify the basic anatomy landmarks of the facial nerve. Describe the clinical and imaging features of some common conditions that may produce facial nerve palsy. Discuss the utility of CT and MRI features in the evaluation of pathologic conditions that involve the facial nerve.

Background

The facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) is a highly complex structure. It provides motor control of most of the muscles of facial expression and parasympathetic innervations to the salivary and lacrimal glands. Moreover, it receives taste sensations from the anterior two-third of the tongue, and cutaneous sensation from the skin in and around the auricle. Motors fibers are carried via the motor facial nerve and parasympathetic, sensorial and general somatic afferent fibers are carried via the intermediate nerve of Wrisberg. (Fig. 2). Cross-sectionaal imaging plays...

Findings and procedure details

Findings and procedures Facial Nerve Anatomy: Supranuclear control of VII: Upper Motor Neuron (Motor Cortex). The supranuclearcontribution originates from pyramidal neurons located in the lower third of the precentral gyrus of the frontal motor cortex. The cortical projection fibers for the upper face demonstrate an incomplete decussation and project to the ipsilateral and the contralateral facial nuclei. However, the supranuclear fibers for the lower facial muscles completely decussate to the contralateral facial nucleus (Fig.1). The facial nerve, from the departure point in the brainstem, has...

Conclusion

It is important to make a good clinical and radiological characterization and correlation of the different pathologies that can involve the facial nerve. Awareness of the CT and MRI findings associated with the pathologies of temporal bone, facilitates an accurate and prompt diagnosis and thereby contributes to a more successful outcome and reducing delays in diagnosis that are likely to have a negative effect on patients.

Personal information

References

Gupta S, Mends F, Hagiwara M, Fatterpekar G, Roehm PC. Imaging the facial nerve: a contemporary review. Radiol Res Pract. 2013. Ho ML, Juliano A, Eisenberg RL, Moonis G. Anatomy and pathology of the facial nerve. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2015 Jun;204(6). Swartz J., Laurie AL. Imaging of the temporal bone.4thEd. New York: Thieme; 2009. Hohman MH, Hadlock TA. Etiology, diagnosis, and management of facial palsy:2000 patients at a facial nerve center. Laryngoscope. 2014 Jul;124(7): E283-93. Bhat V, Devere J, Ramakrishanan A, Kuriakose MA. Perineural...