Learning objectives
To enlist the common and uncommon imaging findings in brain in renal failure patients on hemodialysis.
To address basic risk factors of the disease process in this particular group of patients.
To discuss the imaging features of individual diseases.
Background
Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasingly recognized as a major public health problem.
It is indicated by decreased kidney function,
abnormal albumin excretion or,
quantified by estimated glomerular filtration rate that remains for more than three months.
To promote evaluation of severity of CKD,
the National Kidney Foundation developed criteria for its staging which is categorized into five stages of increasing severity.
Hemodialysis:
Hemodialysis is the routinely administered therapy for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
Although hemodialysis technique has shown improvement in...
Findings and procedure details
Overview:
Neurological complications developing in hemodialysis patients are multifactorial.
Neurological examination alone is usually not adequate to determine the underlying pathologies.
Imaging i.e.
MRI and CT scan of the brain is the most valuable tool frequently required for evaluation of neurological complications in symptomatic patients.
It is of great importance in not only evaluating the cause of neurological complains when the clinical assessment is inconclusive but also used for treatment response assessment.The imaging spectrum of this particular group of patients is infrequently studied.
We will...
Conclusion
The cerebrovascular complications either secondary to the uremic state or its treatment is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity.
Imaging displays utmost importance in evaluation of these neurological complains.
The neurological findings in this group of patients demonstrate multifactorial trend and knowledge of imaging findings linked to the neurological complains and multidisciplinary approach aid in timely analysis of patient.
References
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Neurological complications of hemodialysis: state of the art.
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Muhteşem Ağıldere A,
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MRI of neurologic complications in end-stage renal failure patients on hemodialysis: pictorial review.
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