Learning objectives
1: Understand the basic concepts of spectral Doppler analysis,
and hemodynamic changes of various arterial and venous blood flow patterns.
2: Familiarize with normal arterial and venous color imaging and spectral Doppler waveforms.
3: Review abnormal arterial and venous color and spectral Doppler changes using multiple cases.
4: Emphasize the importance of delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis of critical Doppler findings may lead to irreversible organ damage or even transplant graft loss.
Background
Vascular ultrasound is often the first choice imaging modality to narrow down the differential diagnosis or even make the diagnosis.
Ultrasound is readily available and widely used in the majority of modern hospitals for a variety of diseases.
Evaluating blood flow of organs is an important component of sonographic studies,
often changing management of patients,
if abnormal.
Sound understanding of key concepts in pathophysiology,
physics of ultrasound and flow dynamics of normal and abnormal arteries and veins allows to make the diagnosis rapidly and confidently....
Personal information
My favorite story (The Prince and the Magician: by John Fowles)
Once upon a time there was a young prince who believed in all things but three.
He did not believe in Princesses,
he did not believe in islands,
he did not believe in God.
His father,
the king,
told him that such things did not exist.
As there were no princesses or islands in his father's domains,
and no sign of God,
the prince believed his father.
But then,
one day,
the prince ran...
References
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/pdf/10.2214/ajr.167.4.8819397 Lower extremity WF in CHF
https://sonoworld.com/client/fetus/html/doppler/capitulos-html/chapter_01.htm (color and spectral doppler img)
https://sonoworld.com/CaseDetails/Dissection_of_the_aorta_and_the_left_iliac_artery.aspx?ModuleCategoryId=1119
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/pdf/10.2214/ajr.181.6.1811695
http://vascularmedicinelab.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/bunny13_cropped.jpg
https://iame.com/online-courses/abdominal-imaging/mesenteric-duplex-examinations
https://www.ultrasoundpaedia.com/normal-leg-arteries/
Radiopedia.
https://www.jvascsurg.org/article/S0741-5214(09)00375-9/pdf
