Learning objectives
The purpose of this poster is to review the embryology of the eye and the radiological findings of some pathologies usingcomputed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Background
Between the first days (day 22) and the fifth week of gestation,
lateral to the neural groove,
the neuroectoderm of the diencephalon develops the optic grooves.
The optic groovesevolves to optic diverticulum and later to optic vesicle.
The optic vesicle by apposition with the surface ectoderm induces the formation of the lens.
Later,
the optic vesicle is transformed into an optic stalk and an optic cup.
- Anophthalmia: It is the complete absence of the eye due to alteration in its development.
It is extremely...
Findings and procedure details
Cornea: it is the frontal continuation of the sclera and covers the anterior chamber,
the iris and the pupil.
It is formed by surface mesenchyme.
It refracts the light and is responsible for 2/3 of the power of the eye but its focus is fixed.
- Strange body: any opacification of the cornea is abnormal.
The images (CT) have some value in the evaluation of foreign bodies when inflammation limits the physical examination.
Iris: It´s a circular diaphragm,
contractile and pigmented with a central hole...
Conclusion
The eye is a very specialized structure and its evaluation is predominantly clinical.
It is important to know the embryology and anatomy of the eye to determine the origin of the lesions and possible differential diagnoses.
CT images are very useful in the diagnosis of foreign bodies (trauma) and in the identification of calcifications.
MRI is useful in the confirmation of some pathologies,
assessing its local extension and ruling out contralateral involvement.
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