Learning objectives
To demonstrate the multiple skull vault and scalp lesions,
including anatomical variants,
congenital,
traumatic,
inflammatory,
neoplastic and miscellaneous changes.
To describe the radiological pattern.
To gather this information,
which is scattered in the literature,
thus serving as a tool for the professional radiologist in the differential diagnosis of lesions in these topographies.
Background
Skull vault and scalp lesions are present in every day radiologist,
but in many cases they go unnoticed and when detected generate a great diagnostic dilemma due to non-specificity and unfamiliarity with the findings.
The scalp is composed of five layers: skin; connective tissue; galea aponeurosis; loose connective tissue and periosteum Fig. 1 .
The skull vault can be divided into three layers: outer board,
dipole and inner board.
Therefore,
due to this constitution,
the radiological presentation can be quite varied,
both in terms of...
Findings and procedure details
Anatomical variation
When unknown,
some anatomical variations may be mistaken for pathologies,
some of which include enlarged parietal foramina and other like cranium foramina; wormian bones; arachnoide ganulation; transcalvarial venous channel; diffuse thickening of the skull; hyperaration of the skull bones. Fig. 2 Fig. 3
Congenital changes in size and shape of the skull
Craniosynostosis
It is a condition in which one or more of the fibrous sutures prematurely fuses by ossification,
resulting in an abnormal head shape and sometimes abnormal facial features.
CT with...
Conclusion
Skull vault and scalp are sites of anatomical variations and lesions of the most diverse etiologies and with image patterns that sometimes overlap.
Thus,
the radiologist's knowledge of these standards and having an easily accessible material for research are important for a more accurate diagnosis.
References
Colas L,
Caron S,
Cotten A.
Skull vault lesion: a review.
American Journal of Roentgenology.
2015;205: 840-847.
10.2214/AJR.14.13415.
Badve CA,
K MM,
Iyer RS,
et al.
Craniosynostosis: imaging review and primer on computed tomography.
Pediatr Radiol 2013; 43:728.
Amaral L,
Chiurciu M,
Almeida JR,
Ferreira NF,
Mendonça R,
Lima SS.
MR imaging for evaluation of lesions of the cranial vault: A pictorial essay.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2003;61(3-A):521-532.
Lloret I,
Server A,
Taksdal I.
Calvarial Lesions: a radiological approach to diagnosis,
Acta Radiol 50 (5): 531-542,
2009....