Learning objectives
Identifying,
characterizing and becoming familiar with the magnetic resonance imagining of the most frequent benign gynecological pathology: congenital and acquired.
We will focus on benign pathologies in uterus,
cervix and ovaries.
Background
Benign gynaecological alterations are very frequent and most are diagnosed through an echography and followed through ambulatory care.
The increasingly more extended use of MRI in local staging,
recurrences or preoperative periods of different pelvic processes (cervical cancer,
endometrial cancer,
rectal cancer,
fistulas,
dynamic studies of pelvic floor,
etc.) reinforces the necessity of identifying the concomitant benign pathology.
Findings and procedure details
REVIEW OF THE SUBECT
Uterine anatomy
The uterus is anatomically divided into two regions: the body and the cervix,
reaching an approximate length of between 6 and 9 cm in pre-menopausal women.
From the histological point of view,
three layers can be distinguished in the body: serous layer,
myometrium and endometrium.
Fig. 2
Variable uterine position: the most frequent one is the anteversion,
but it can also be either in retroversion or anteversion with a displacement to either the left or the right with respect...
Conclusion
The high frequency of gynecological alterations makes it indispensable to know the normal pelvic anatomy and to become familiar with its aspect in MRI.
Being able to identify benign pathologies is crucial,
since they can coexist with malign injuries or be incidental findings.