Purpose
The decrease in renal cortical thickness (RCT) is an important sign of renal disease.
Several renal conditions (eg.
chronic kidney disease,
renal transplantation,
nephropathia epidemica) are associated with decrease in RCT [1-3].
Parenchymal thickness gives an additional indication of the chronicity of renal failure beyond the renal length and it is regarded as a more exact sonographic parameter in end-stage renal failure as renal size [4,
5].
Although the change in RCT has been comprehensively studied in acut and chronic renal diseases,
there is a...
Methods and Materials
Subjects and study design
196 healthy adult twins (98healthy Hungarian twin pairs; 68 monozygotic,
30 same-sex dizygotic pairs,
46 males,
150 females) were tested in thiscross-sectionaltwin study recruited from the Hungarian Twin Registry [7].Exclusion criteria included history of acute or chronic renal disease,
pregnancy,
and foreseeable lack of compliance with test procedures.
All the opposite-sex DZ twin pairs were excluded.
Renal ultrasound assessment
Limited renal sonography was performed by using B-mode ultrasonography (Esaote MyLab 70X Vision) equipped with a curved array transducer (1-8 MHz,
CA431)....
Results
Descriptive analysis of the twin cohort
Mean right and leftRCTs were 1.32±0.33 cm and 1.62±0.31 cm,
and they showed low correlation (r=0.209,
p<0.01).No significant difference was observed in RCT between MZ and DZ twins.
Heritability analysis of RCT in twins
The possible role of zygosity in the prevalence of RCT wasestimated by age- and sex-adjusted ACE analysis (Figures 2 and 3).
Mean right and leftRPTs were 1.32±0.33 cm and 1.62±0.31 cm,
and they showed low correlation (r=0.174,
p<0.05).
Age and sex-adjusted heritability of right RPT...
Conclusion
The kidney size shows high interindividual differences,
the normal length measures around 110±20 mm [9].
Reduced kidney size is partly related to renovascular diseases,
by correlating to the significant and evolving nature of the stenosis [10].
We have observed aslight difference between right and leftRCTs,
thus this study shows the completely different origin of right and left RPT: only rightRPTis moderately heritable (probably due to the well-known anatomic variation of left humped kidney and less prominent but existing variations of the compressed parenchyma by the...
References
1.
Leonard MB: A structural approach to the assessment of fracture risk in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease.
Pediatr Nephrol. 22: 1815-1824,
2007
2.
Mussa A,
Porta F,
Gianoglio B,
Gaido M,
Nicolosi MG,
De Terlizzi F,
de Sanctis C,
Coppo R: Bone alterations in children and young adults with renal transplant assessed by phalangeal quantitative ultrasound.
Am J Kidney Dis. 50: 441-449,
2007
3.
Paakkala A,
Kallio T,
Huhtala H,
Apuli P,
Paakkala T,
Pasternack A,
Mustonen J: Renal ultrasound findings and...
Personal Information
Adam Domonkos Tarnoki,
MD,
Department of Radiologyand Oncotherapy,
Semmelweis University,
Budapest.
Address: 78/A Üllöi street,
1082,
Budapest,
Hungary.
Tel.: 00-36-30-6401183,
Fax: 00-36-1-2780367,
Email:
[email protected]
David Laszlo Tarnoki,
MD,
Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy,
Semmelweis University,
Budapest.
Address: 78/A Üllöi street,
1082,
Budapest,
Hungary.
Tel.: 00-36-30-368-7843,
Fax: 00-36-1-2780367,
Email:
[email protected]