Learning objectives
To describe the main imaging findings in cerebral venous thrombosis and to demonstrate atypical findings that can be found.
Background
-INTRODUCTION
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but potencially fatal cerebrovascular disease,
corresponding for 1-2% of all strokes in adults,
with an anual incidence of 2 to 7 persons per million (4) and a mortality rate of 8% (8).
It can affect all age groups,
although is more common in young patients and characterized by female prominence (8,
12).
The duration time of the cerebral venous thrombosis can be classified in acute (< 48 hours),
subacute (between 48 hours and 30 days) and chronic...
Findings and procedure details
# DIRECT SIGNS OF THROMBOSIS
-The positive findings of intraluminal thrombus are the most important feature to a confident diagnosis of CVT by CT or MR images.
Unfortunately,
these findings are not always evident,
and the diagnosis rests on nonfilling of a venous sinus or cortical vein.
(1)
-The primary sign of acute CVT on a non-contrast CT is hyperdensity of a cortical vein or dural sinus and are most clearly visualized when CT slices are perpendicular to the dural sinus or vein.
Thrombosis of...
Conclusion
Cerebral venous thrombosis is an uncommon cause of encephalic vascular accidents,
with a favorable prognosis because of the lesions reversibility.
Diagnosis is highly dependent on the radiologist capacity to suspect and recognize the disease presentations in CT and MR images,
therefore the identification of parenchymal alterations (like edema and hemorrhages) in specific areas associated or not to the presence of intravenous thrombus,
allows an immediate treatment,
reducing the morbidity and mortality rates.
Personal information
Second year radiology resident in Hospital Geral de Fortaleza,
Fortaleza,
Ceara,
Brazil.
email:
[email protected]
References
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1.
Penka A.
Atanassova,
Radka I.
Massaldjieva,
Nedka T.
Chalakova and Borislav D.
Dimitrov (2012).
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis - Diagnostic Strategies and Prognostic Models: A Review,
Venous Thrombosis - Principles and Practice,
Dr.
Ertugrul Okuyan (Ed.),
ISBN: 978-953-307-885-4.
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2.
Sasidharan PK.
Cerebral vein thrombosis: Misdiagnosed and mismanaged.Thrombosis 2012.2012210676.
3.
Sun M,
Hou XX,
Ren G,
Chong ZZ,
Zhang YY and Cheng H.
A Case...