Learning objectives
To learn the clinical history,
symptoms and medical signs of pyelonephritis emphysematous.
To analize the radiological characteristics of each image modality and
describe in the report,
each important imaging findings for the clinician.
To classify each degree and stage of the infection and recommend the treatment
Background
In recent years,
it has increased chronically ill patients,
for example patients with diabetes and immunocompromised.
This situation has caused kidney infections more common.
Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a disease with a high mortality rate,
so it is important that the radiologist has the necessary knowledge to identify,
classify and report it.
Findings and procedure details
Teaching points
Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a life-threating necrotizing infection of the kidneys characterized by gas formation within or surrounding the kidneys.
The majority of patients are diabetes,
hypertension,
immunocompromised.
The pathogenesis of Emphysematous pyelonephritis generally accepted theory proposes that high levels of glucose provide a favorable environment for acidic fermentation of gas-forming microbial organisms.
The organisms are characteristically gas-forming.
The pathogen most common are Escherichia coli,
Proteus mirabilis,
Citrobacter,
Enterobacter and Candida are less frequently isolated.
The less common underlying causes include urinary tract obstruction;...
Conclusion
Diabetic,
hypertension and immunocompromised patients that presenting fever,
flank pain,
is consistent with Emphysematous pyelonephritis.
Computed tomography is gold standard on imaging diagnostics for Emphysematous pyelonephritis.
Classify for computed tomography,
type and class for proper treatment.
References
Craig WD,
Wagner BJ,
Travis MD.
Pyelonephritis: radiologic-pathologic review.
Radiographycs.
28 (1):255-277
Woodward S.
Elsayes KM.
Akhtar AL.
Imaging of emphysematous pyelonephritis: self-assessment module.
AJR Am J Roentgenol.
2010; 194 (6); S70-2
Wan YL,
Lee TY,
Bullard MJ,
Tsai CC.
Acute gas- producing bacterial renal infection: correlation between imaging findings and clinical outcome.
(1996) Radiology.
198 (2):433-8
Amana L,
Akhtar,
Khaled M.
AJR Teaching file: Diabetic patient presenting with right flank pain and fever.
(2010); 194 (1); WS31
F.
Grozel,
Y.
Berthezene C.
Guerin.
Bilateral...