Learning objectives
Palpable abnormalities are a common indication for scrotal imaging.
After reviewing this exhibit,
the learners will be able to:
1.
Differentiate intra and extratesticular lesions with ultrasound.
2.
Organize both benign and malignant differential diagnosis by location and characteristics of the lesion.
3.
Understanding management options for palpable scrotal findings.
Background
The purpose of this exhibit is to describe imaging characteristics of ultrasound to identify intratesciular and extratesticular pathology,
and differentiate benign and malignant testicular pathology.
This exhibit will use the new WHO 2016 germ cell tumor classification,
which is based on pathogenesis from germ cell neoplasm in situ (GCNIS)
Ultrasound is an inexpensive and non-invasive diagnostic modality of choice to evaluate patients with palpable scrotal mass without ionizing radiation Ultrasound is helpful in narrowing down the differential diagnosis for patient management.
There are multiple risk...
Findings and procedure details
Palpable scrotal mass is a common presentation of both benign and malignant testicular malignancy such as seminomatous / seminoma and non seminomatous GCTs,
lymphoma,
adenomatoid tumor,
and epidermoid inclusion cyst.
Characteristic ultrasound features of each entity will be reviewed.
Conclusion
Ultrasound imaging is an inexpensive and non-invasive modality that plays an important role in evaluation of palpable scrotal mass.
First,
US can differentiate intratesticular and extratesticular pathology.
Moreover,
US provides important insights in the assessment of benign and malignant scrotal mass.
These imaging technique helps to narrow differential diagnosis and provide management planning.
Personal information
Ilkyu Oh BA,
Department of Radiology,
Medical College of Georgia,
Augusta,
GA,
USA
Padreep Mittal MD,
Department of Radiology,
Medical College of Georgia,
Augusta,
GA,
USA
References
•Cassidy FH et al.
MR Imaging of Scrotal Tumors and Pseudotumors.
Radiographics,
2010; 30(3): 665-684.
•Garriga V et al.
US of the tunica vaginalis testis: anatomic relationships and pathologic conditions.
Radiographics,
2009;29(7):2017-32.
•Gilligan TD et al.
American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline on uses of serum tumor markers in adult males with germ cell tumors.
J Clin Oncol 2010;28(20):3388–3404.
• Haupt HM et al.
Metastatic carcinoma involving the testis: clinical and pathologic distinction from primary testicular neoplasms.
Cancer,
1984;54(4):709–714
• Kao HW et...