Learning objectives
Rise the awareness and familiarity about the spectrum of lateralization disorders and review imaging appearances of this conditions through a pictorial review ilustrated with selected cases from the electronic health record database of our hospital.
Background
Lateralization defects such as situs inversus and heterotaxy syndrome present a diagnostic challenge to radiologists because of the overlapping of clinical and radiological findings. The majority of patients with lateralization disorders can manifest multiple associeted disturbs such as congenital heart disease,
immune deficiency,
intestinal malrotation and respiratory diseases.
It is crucial understand and be familiar to radiologic appearance of this conditions in order to establish an individual approach.
The knowledge regarding the spectrum of situs anomalies is also important because the unusual anatomy of this...
Findings and procedure details
We conduced a review of the literature and a retrospective analyses of reviewed medical records and imaging studies of 28 patients with situs anomalies.
The clinical features and imaging findings will be presented by anatomical sections,
multiplanar recontructons and a pictorial scheme.
Situs solitus with levoversion is the normal anatomic state,
with a trilobed right lung and a bilobed left lung; the morphologic right atrium is to the right of the morphologic left atrium and the cardiac apex is left-sided.
The spleen,
stomach,
and aorta...
Conclusion
It is essential to understand situs abnormalities and their appearances on radiologic studies in order to make it possible a accurate diagnosis and a more individual approach.
And also recognizes which pacients are at increased risk of congenital heart disease,
immune deficiency (due to splenic absence), and other condiotin envolving the guts and the lungs.
References
Applegate KE,
Goske MJ,
Pierce G,
et al.
Situs revisited: imaging of the heterotaxy syndrome.
Radiographics.
1999;19:837-52.
Ghosh S,
Yarmish G,
Godelman A,
et al.
Anomalies of visceroatrial situs.
AJR Am J Roentgenol.
2009;193:1107-17.
Ferdman B,
States L,
Gaynor JW,
et al.
Abnormalities of intestinal rotation in patients with congenital heart disease and the heterotaxy syndrome.
Congenit Heart Dis.
2007;2:12-8.
Ditchfield MR,
Hutson JM.Intestinal rotational abnormalities in polysplenia and asplenia syndromes.Pediatr Radiol1998; 28:303-306.
Jang WT,
Kim HJ,
Kim JS,
Yoon HS.Situs Ambiguous with Polysplenia of...