Knee fractures – A pictorial review

Congress:

ESSR 2019

Poster Number:

P-0113

Type:

Educational Poster

Keywords:

Musculoskeletal joint, CT, MR, Plain radiographic studies, Education, Trauma

Authors:

M. D. L. Costa¹, A. P. Caetano², A. L. Proenca², M. P. V. A. E. Sousa², R. Martins², F. Andre¹; ¹Lisboa/PT, ²Lisbon/PT

DOI:

10.26044/essr2019/P-0113

DOI-Link:

https://dx.doi.org/10.26044/essr2019/P-0113

$Fig. 5: Magnetic resonance imaging shows a transverse extraarticular distal femoral fracture – subgroup 33A2.3, according to AO/OTA classification.$

Fig. 5: Magnetic resonance imaging shows a transverse extraarticular distal femoral...

$Fig. 6: Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures. References: Kfuri M, et al. Revisiting the Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures. (2018) Injury,Int.J.CareInjured49(2018)2252–2263.$

Fig. 6: Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures.

Fig. 7: Radiographs demonstrate a split wedge of the lateral tibial plateau with 2mm ...

Fig. 8: Computed tomography demonstrates a split wedge of the lateral tibial plateau...

Learning objectives

To review the normal radiographic anatomy of the knee, provide an overview of different types of knee fractures, classification systems and the typical radiologic findings.

Background

Knee fractures are common and require dedicated imaging evaluation. They involve the distal femur, proximal tibia and patella, and can result from direct or indirect forces. Several classification systems have been described to help establish degree of severity and guide therapeutic management. A bibliographic review and iconographic search were performed at our hospital using the picture archiving system.

Imaging findings OR Procedure Details

KNEE JOINT Joints: two condylar joints between femur and tibia; saddle joint between patella and femur Blood supply:main supply are the genicular branchesof the popliteal artery Nerve supply:branches from the femoral, tibial, common peroneal and obturator nerves Movements:flexion to 150°, extension to 5-10° hyperextension; rotation while in the flexed position to 10° actively and 60° passively 1.DISTAL FEMORAL FRACTURE ≈ 10% of all femoral fractures Bimodal distribution: high energy blunt trauma in young people; fall in elderly people 1.1IMAGING 1.1.1CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHY Two imaging planes (antero-posterior...

Conclusion

Radiologists should be able to recognize the most common knee fractures. Classification systems can be useful to standardize fracture pattern description and guide therapy.

References

Kellam J, et al. Fracture and Dislocation Compendium—2018. A joint collaboration between the Orthopaedic Trauma Association and the AO Foundation. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, Volume 32, Number 1 Supplement, January 2018. doi:10.1097/BOT.0000000000001063. Kfuri M, et al. Revisiting the Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures. Injury,Int.J.CareInjured49(2018)2252–2263. doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2018.11.010. Keegan M,et al. Schatzker Classification of Tibial Plateau Fractures: Use of CT and MR Imaging Improves Assessment. RadioGraphics 2009; 29:585–597. DOI:10.1148/rg.292085078. Macknet D, et al. Tibial Eminence Fracture. Orthobullets 2019. https://www.orthobullets.com Zaricznyj B. Avulsion fracture of the tibial eminence:...