Imaging of malignant bone tumors in adolescents and young adults – pictorial review

Congress:

ESSR 2019

Poster Number:

P-0182

Type:

Educational Poster

Keywords:

Biopsy, Plain radiographic studies, MR, CT, Oncology, Musculoskeletal bone, Bones, Epidemiology, Neoplasia

Authors:

R. P. Dias¹, P. Ninitas², R. S. Pereira¹, J. Janeiro²; ¹Lisboa/PT, ²Lisbon/PT

DOI:

10.26044/essr2019/P-0182

DOI-Link:

https://dx.doi.org/10.26044/essr2019/P-0182

Fig. 2: Incidence of osteosarcoma by anatomic location

Fig. 3: Incidence of Ewing sarcoma by anatomic location

Fig. 4: Incidence of chondrosarcoma by anatomic location

Fig. 5: Incidence of primary bone lymphoma by anatomic location

Learning objectives

1. To describe and analyze the epidemiology of malignant bone tumors in adolescents and young adults. 2. To illustrate the radiologic features of malignant bone tumors on plain radiography, computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 3. To discuss the role of imaging in the diagnosis, staging and assessing response to treatment of malignant bone tumors.

Background

The National Institutes of Health defines adolescents and young adults as the individuals in the age group of 15-40 years old. Even though multidisciplinary care and research have improved survival of patients with malignant bone, several studies have revealed that survival in this age group of patients is significantly lower than that in patients younger than 15 years and older than50 years, specifically for bone tumors. The reasons for these survival differences are not well understood and remain object of research. Epidemiology Malignant bone tumors...

Imaging findings OR Procedure Details

Procedure A selection of representative cases of adolescent and young adults (aged between 15 and 40 years old) with pathologically proven primary malignant bone tumor was used to illustrate imaging findings and to highlight the role of plain radiography, CT and MRI in bone tumor diagnosis, staging and follow-up. Fundamental criteriafor categorizing an osseous Lesion onconventional radiography 1. Pattern of bone destruction and lesion margin Analysis of thetransition zone(width of the margin between normal bone and abnormal bone) Identification of the presence / absence of...

Conclusion

Initial diagnosis of a malignant bone tumor is suspected on the basis of clinical symptoms, age at presentation and conventional radiographic features. CT is commonly used to guide biopsy and evaluate for distant metastasis. MRI is required for local staging and proper surgical planning and is also used to evaluate treatment response.

References

Rana KA, Meyer J, Ibrahim S, Ralls M, Kent PM. The role of imaging of malignant bone tumors in children and young adults. Curr Probl Cancer. 2013 Jul-Aug;37(4):181-91. doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2013.07.005. Kent PM, Ording J, Dabrowski E, Shah K, Trafton L. Introduction: Malignant primary bone tumors in children and young adults. Curr Probl Cancer. 2013 Jul-Aug;37(4):160-6. doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2013.07.002. Kent PM, Trafton LW. Clinical presentation of bone tumors in children and young adults. Curr Probl Cancer. 2013 Jul-Aug;37(4):167-71. doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2013.07.003. Miller TT. Bone tumors and tumorlike conditions:...