Learning objectives
This poster aims to:
- Outline a few musculoskeletal variants commonly encountered in daily practice,
- Describe imaging findings associated,
and
- Discuss their clinical significance or relevance.
Background
In musculoskeletal imaging,
variant anatomy is increasingly being identified with the increased use of non-invasive imaging.
These include accessory muscles,
ossicles,
anomalous nerve pathways,
or tendon insertions.
Most of the time,
these are asymptomatic and incidental.
Occasionally,
depending on location,
they may present with a clinically apparent soft tissue mases,
or symptoms pertaining to nerve or vascular impingement.
Specific treatment is not usually indicated,
unless they are symptomatic,
and will be directed towards the underlying pathology.
This poster aims to describe a few common variants...
Imaging findings OR Procedure Details
Bones
Ossicles
Accessory ossicles are secondary ossification centres.
These are well-corticated and occur at typical locations.
These are congenital,
although post-traumatic changes and degeneration can mimic the accessory ossicles.
Occasionally,
these can also be confused with fractures [1].
Os Naviculare
This is also known as accessory navicular bones or os tibiale externum.
This is present medial to the navicular bone,
in which the tibialis posterior tendon has a broad attachment with.
It is present in 10% of the population,
and is usually bilateral.
Os naviculare...
Conclusion
With the advent of cross-sectional imaging,
variants are more commonly encountered.
Whilst most are asymptomatic,
it is important to be aware of these and their potential clinical implications.
A few variants commonly encountered in musculoskeletal imaging has been described.
References
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1]
Keles-Celik N,
Kose O,
Sekerci R,
Aytac G,
Turan A,
Güler F.
Accessory Ossicles of the Foot and Ankle: Disorders and a Review of the Literature.
Muacevic A,
Adler JR,
eds.
Cureus.
2017;9(11):e1881.
doi:10.7759/cureus.1881..
[2]
Barbier O.
Block D.
Dezaly C.
Sirveaux F.
Mole D.
Os acromiale,
a cause of shoulder pain,
not to be overlooked.
Orthopaedics and Traumatology: Surgery and Research 2013;99(4): 465-472.
[3]
Burnett SE,
Case DT.
Bipartite medial cuneiform: new frequencies from skeletal collections and a meta-analysis of previous cases....