Aims and objectives
Focal aggregation of extramedullary myeloid precursor cells associated with leukemia has been referred to as granulocytic sarcoma (GS),
myeloid sarcoma or chloroma.
This study was designed to summarize the radiologic presentations including pertinent imaging features of chlroma in different organs.
Methods and materials
Patients
Records of all 40 patients who received a diagnosis of chloroma from 2007 to 2012 were retrieved from the division of pediatrics hematology database at our institution,
which is a tertiary referral children cancer center.
Diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma was based on histologic examination of biopsy specimens from affected sites.
Complete hematologic investigations,
including bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy,
were performed in all patients.
The diagnosis of myeloid leukemia was based on bone marrow and peripheral blood examination.
Clinical parameters,
including primary hematologic...
Results
Clinical Characteristics
The patients ranged in age from 1-12 years,
15 of the patients were females and 25 were males.
Of the 40 patients studied,
ten cases had chloroma as a primary presentation of the leukemia who had no systemic disease.
The other 30 patients had preexisting acute myeloid leukemia,
which was either in remission or in systemic bone marrow relapse at the time of presentation.
Seven patients had unifocal granulocytic sarcoma,
whereas the rest had multifocal disease.
Treatment included either chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
or a...
Conclusion
Granulocytic sarcoma (GS),
myeloid sarcoma or chloroma is defined as a focal aggregation of extramedullary myeloid precursor cells associated with leukemia.
GS is a mass of blast cells outside the bone marrow; the term “chloroma” was first used in 1853 to refer to the green color of the tumor caused by high content of myeloperoxidase.
Yet,
because up to 30% of these tumors can be white,
gray,
or brown,
Rappaport renamed them granulocytic sarcoma in 1966 [1]
Generally,
all these forms are uncommon,
usually associated...
Personal information
Ayda Youssef,
M.D.
Lecturer of Radiology
*National cancer institute,
Cairo university.
*Children Cancer Hospital -Egypt 57357.
[email protected]
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