Learning objectives
To understand the utility of barium pharyngoesophagram and videofluoroscopic oropharyngeal swallow in the study of dysphagia
To review the study protocols in order to learn how to perform the exams.
To describe normal anatomy and normal imaging appearances of pharynx,
esophagus and gastric cardia
To illustrate typical appearances of various frequent and unfrequent entities causing dysphagia.
Background
The evaluation of dysphagia remains one of the commonest indications for barium studies,
including diagnosis of functional or structural abnormalities.
Types of dysphagia:
1.- Oropharyngeal
2.- Esophageal
Barium esophagram and VFSS are the best techniques for diagnosis.
They depict the sequence of the fast process of swallowing.
VFSS is the current gold standard for diagnosis and management of dysphagia.
Findings and procedure details
TABLE OF CONTENTS
NORMAL ANATOMY
a.- Anatomy of the oropharyngeal region ( Fig. 1 )
The anatomy of mouth,
larynx,
and pharynx should be understood to evaluate the physiology of swallowing.
Pharynx extends from the nasal cavity to theUES at the crycopharyngeus muscle.
It is composed of inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of striated muscle.
In addition,
understanding the mechanism of swallowing is essential to understand swallowing disorders.
Phases of swallowing. ( Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 )
b.- Esophageal Anatomy
Fibromuscular tube about...
Conclusion
Conventional radiology still plays an important role in the study of dysphagia.
The radiologist should be familiar with Barium esophagogram and Videofluoroscopic oropharyngeal swallow study technique,
normal and abnormal findings
Personal information
J.
Azpeitia Arman1 (
[email protected])
R.
M.
Lorente Ramos 1
C.
Oliva Fonte 1
M.
P.
Gete García 2
T.
Collazo Lorduy 2
Unidad Central de Radiodiagnóstico de la CAM: Hospital Infanta Leonor 1
Department of Otorhinolaryngology : Hospital Infanta Leonor2
Madrid SPAIN
References
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Fluoroscopic evaluation of oropharyngeal dysphagia: anatomic,
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AJR 2015; 204:49–58
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Levine MS.Structural abnormalities of the pharynx.
In: Gore RM,
Levine MS.Textbook of gastrointestinal radiology,
3rd ed.
New York,
NY: Saunders Elsevier,
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•Rosenbek JC,
Robbins J,
Roecker EV,
et al.
A penetration aspiration scale.
Dysphagia 1996;11:93-98.
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Goldsmith,
Allison S.
Holman and Danny Nunn Videofluoroscopic Evaluation of Oropharyngeal Swallowing Head and Neck Imaging,
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Rugi Role of...