Type:
Educational Exhibit
Keywords:
Congenital, Imaging sequences, MR, Genital / Reproductive system female
Authors:
M. M. H. Ahmed1, N. M. Saloum2, R. Yousef1, S. A. M. Ibrahim1, T. Salem Alyafei1; 1Doha/QA, 2Doha, Doha/QA
DOI:
10.26044/ecr2019/C-0445
Background
There are various forms of mullerian ducts anomalies and each anomaly is distinctive.
The reported incidence of them is 0.1-3.5%.
The incidence has been increased due to the availability of better imaging facilities.
The widely accepted American Fertility Society (AFS) classification organizes mullerian duct anomalies according to major uterine anatomic defect and allows for standardized reporting methods.
Septate uterus (AFS Class V) is the most common,
resulting from incomplete resorption of the medial septum after complete fusion of the mullerian ducts has occurred; variations exist like complete,
partial and segmental.
The complete septum extends from the fundal area to internal os and divides the endometrial cavity into 2 components and is often associated with a longitudinal vaginal septum.
American Fertility Society (AFS) classification organizes mullerian duct anomalies according to major uterine anatomic defects.
The most commonly reported anomalies are septate,
arcuate,
didelphys,
unicornuate,
or hypoplastic uteri.
Septate uterus (AFS Class V) is the most common,
resulting from incomplete resorption of the medial septum after complete fusion of the mullerian ducts.
It can be complete,
partial or segmental septum.
The complete septum extends from the fundal area to internal os and divides the endometrial cavity into 2 components and is often associated with a longitudinal vaginal septum.
The most common presenting symptoms are dysmenorrhea,
dyspareunia,
primary or secondary infertility,
pregnancy loss and obstetric complications.
Robert’s uterus is a variant of septate uterus and is an extremely rare anomaly,
which was first described in 1970.
It is characterized by asymmetrical septum,
dividing the endometrial cavities into two noncommunicating cavities with obstruction of one of two cavities.
The other one communicates normally with the single cervix,
which is responsible for cyclical menstrual flow.
The obstructed cavity has functional endometrium,
so,
its secretions become retained with every menstruation and therefore it presents with cyclical pain.