Learning objectives
Review of subtypes of Mullerian duct anomalies.
Discussion of various complications encountered.
Background
A simplified understanding of basic embryology is that the two paramesonephric ducts in the female fetus,
develop into the fallopian tubes,
uterus,
cervix and upper 2/3rd of the vagina of the female genital system.
Therefore any disruption of any part of the normal embryologic process results in a broad spectrum of Mullerian Duct Anomalies (MDA).However the distal 1/3rd of the vagina originates from the sinovaginal bulb derived from urogenital sinus.
There is currently no single standard classification of MDAs.
The American Fertility Society classification is...
Findings and procedure details
After a basic understanding of the developmental abnormality,
we’ll move on to theassorted complications,
the standard imaging modality with protocols and classification of the various MDA at our centre.
MODALITIES:
Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is used as the first line of evaluation of infertility; where the uterine cavity and fallopian tube patency is assessed,
limiting the evaluation of the external uterine contour.
In younger patients or in patients presenting with as abdominal emergency,
Ultrasonography (US) is the modality of choice because it is easily available,
inexpensive and...
Conclusion
An accurate diagnosis in MDA is sometimes challenging.
Awareness of variants and common features aids methodical evaluation and classification.
It is of paramount importance to not only be able to stratify such anomalies but also be aware of the potential complications which can therefore direct further necessary management.
We would like to suggest the inclusion of coronal and sagittal screening of abdomen and spine in standard imaging protocols for MDA anomalies to aid the assessment of coexisting renal and spinal anomalies.
Further assessment of Cardia...
Personal information
DEPARTMENT OF RADIOLOGY,
COLUMBIA ASIA REFERRAL HOSPITAL YESHWANTHPUR,
BENGALURU.
References
1.
Spencer C.
Behr,
MD • Jesse L.
Courtier,
MD • Aliya Qayyum,
MBBS.
Imaging of Müllerian Duct Anomalies1.
RSNA,
2012 • radiographics.rsna.org
2.
T M CHANDLER,
MD,
L S MACHAN,
MD,
P L COOPERBERG,
MD,
A C HARRIS,
MD and S D CHANG,
MD.
Müllerian duct anomalies: from diagnosis to intervention.
The British Journal of Radiology,
82 (2009),
1034–1042
3.
Gisela C.
Mueller1,
Hero K.
Hussain1,
Yolanda R.
Smith2,
Elisabeth H.
Quint2,
Ruth C.
Carlos1,
Timothy D.
Johnson3 and John O.
DeLancey2.
Müllerian Duct...