A total of 32 AVMs were embolized.
42.% (fifteen) were women and (seventeen) 53.2% men,
(Table 1).
The patients were grouped in a range of ages.
The largest group is between 50 and 70 years old,
which comprises 40.6% (13) of the treated patients.
Followed by the group with ages between 20 to 50 years,
being 37.5% (12) of all patients.
Patients younger than 20 years old were 12.5% (4) and those older than 70 years old were 9.4% (3) of the total patients treated,
(Table 2).
Four patients also associated some other type of malformation,
such as aneurysms due to hyper afflux.
68.6% of the AVMs were supratentorial and 31.4% infratentorial.
A 28.9% (nine) of the patients presented with some type of intracranial bleeding,
and the same number and percentage (28.9%) with seizures.
A 21.5% (seven) of the patients presented headache as a symptom of onset,
and 15.6% (five) some type of neurological deficit.
59.4% (nineteen) of the patients needed only one session of embolization.
The remaining 40.6% needed more than one session of embolization. Nine patients required two sessions, one patient five and one patient eight sessions of embolization.
Regarding the embolic agents used,
there are different subgroups.
All of the patients were treated with liquid embolic agents (LEA),
either with or without reinforcement with other material.
Onyx was the most used embolic agent,
being used in twenty-two occasions,
which represents 68.6% of all procedures, followed by histoacryl,
which was used in 15.6% of patients.
62.5% of patients were treated with only one embolic agent,
all liquids.
12.5% (4) of the patients required two,
and 12.5% three embolic agents. The most frequent combination was Onyx with Coils,
in three cases (9.4%) of the cases.
In ten patients (31.3%) coils were used as the second embolization agent,
being the most used material after Onyx, and the material of choice to reinforce the procedure,
since in no case was it used as the only embolizing material.
It is important to emphasize the use of PHIL,
a new LEA,
which although only was used as the only material in a patient,
is,
after the coils,
the second material of choice to reinforce the treatment in the 12.5% of all the treatments.
Other less frequent combinations were Onyx with coils and histoacryl in 6.3% of times (two patients) and PHIL,
colis and histoacryl,
also in 6.3% of patients.
The combination of glue with coils,
Onyx,
glue and coils,
Onyx,
PHIL and coils,
Onyx and PHIL and the combination of Onyx and glue were only once used.
The 40.6% (13) of all patients are asymptomatic after treatment. 18.7% (6) needed another treatment (radiosurgery),
due to different conditions that made it impossible to continue with the endovascular treatment.
12.5% (4) patients report headache and 9.4% (3) have some type of seizure.
12.5% (4) of the patients have some partial posttreatment neurological deficit.
One patient developed brain death immediately after treatment,
although it should be noted that this patient was treated in the context of a FISHER IV subarachnoid hemorrhage.
A patient did not follow the indicated controls,
so there are no results.
The place of puncture was mainly the right femoral artery in 40.6% of the cases,
secondly,
the puncture of both femoral arteries in 37.5% and in 12.5% of the cases the puncture site was the left femoral access.
On one occasion,
the femoral artery and the carotid artery were used,
on one occasion only the carotid artery and once the jugular vein was used to access the malformation.
In 65.6% of patients,
vascular closure was used in the puncture site and in 34.4% of patients the puncture site was manually compressed.