Type:
Educational Exhibit
Keywords:
Neuroradiology brain, MR, Complications, Infection
Authors:
A. Navarro Baño, J. M. Felices Farias, F. Barqueros Escuer, I. Bañón García, F. Velázquez Marín, D. Páez Granda, V. Vázquez Saez, I. Sánchez Serrano, A. León Hernández; El Palmar, Murcia/ES
DOI:
10.26044/ecr2019/C-1609
Background
HIV patients suffer many complications secondary to their viral infection,
and the Central Nervous System (CNS) is the frequent target both of harmful actions caused by HIV itself (such as the dementia-AIDS complex,
which consists of an affectation of the white matter,
which it presents areas of gliosis and demyelination,
as well as tissue destruction that will be responsible for secondary atrophy,
all of which will lead to subcortical dementia),
as infections caused by opportunistic germs that take advantage of the state of immunosuppression,
being the viruses (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy caused by JC virus; cytomegalovirus),
bacteria (mycobacteria,
syphilis),
and fungal infections (aspergillus,
candida,
cryptococcus and others),
as well as neoplasms (mainly lymphomas).
In addition,
we must not forget that antiretroviral drugs can also cause imaging findings that should not be misinterpreted by the radiologist.
We must also take into account the immune reconstitution inflammatory síndrome (IRIS),
which appears after the start of treatment and can be lethal.