Keywords:
Neuroradiology brain, Neuroradiology spine, Paediatric, CT, Surgery, Computer Applications-Virtual imaging, Computer Applications-3D, Trauma, Congenital, Athletic injuries
Authors:
R. Alvarez Pérez, G. Elizondo - Riojas, R. Pinales Razo, R. E. Elizondo Omaña, E. Ramos Dávila, F. J. Barrera Flores; Monterrey/MX
DOI:
10.26044/ecr2019/C-2424
Methods and materials
This was an observational,
cross-sectional,
retrospective and descriptive study that included 175 HRCT studies obtained from the Radiology and Imaging Department database of the Hospital Universitario “Dr.
José Eleuterio González”.
Patients with a history of fractures,
tumors,
surgical interventions of the skull base,
as well as patients with cancer or other pathologies that could alter bone metabolism were excluded.
Data acquisition: All images were acquired using a 64-slice tomograph (General Electric CT99 Light Speed VCT) and Software 2978195VCT (GE Medical Systems,
Milwaukee,
WI) with a rotation of 0.4s helicoidal acquisition,
a detector coverage of 20mm,
Kv of 120mAs and 400; a slice thickness of 0.625mm,
Pitch of 0.53:1mm/rot and FOV of 22 to 33cm.
Afterwards,
the data obtained was transferred and analyzed in an AW Volumen Share2 Workstation using multiplanar reformation (MPR) with maximum projection intensity and volume rendering.
During measurements,
a standardized window range of WW:4000 and WL:1000 was used in all specimens.
Data analysis: The images were independently evaluated by two experienced radiologists who form part of the Radiology and Imaging Department of the Hospital Universitario “Dr.
José Eleuterio Gonzalez”. These parameters were defined to measure the condyles: Length: the long axis from the anterior edge to the posterior edge of the condyle (Figure 1).
Mean width: distance between medial and lateral border of the condyle at the midpoint of the length; proximal and distal width as points equidistant from the midpoint (Figure 2). Height: measured between the lower edge of the hypoglossal duct and the lower edge of the articular surface of the condyle in a sagittal plane (Figure 3). Condyle sagittal angle: measured between the long axis of the condyle and the sagittal midline (Figure 4). Intercondylar distance (anterior,
mean and posterior): distance between the corresponding edges of the condyles (Figure 5). Intercondylar angle: formed between the anterior edge of both condyles and the midline (Figure 6).
Statistical analysis: The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate data normality.
Central tendency and dispersion data were obtained,
expressed as mean and standard deviation for parametric data,
and as median and interquartile range in non-parametric data.
Comparisons between the different study groups were made using a two-tailed Student´s t-test and one-way ANOVA for parametric data,
and Mann-Whitney U and the Kruskal-Wallis test for nonparametric data.
A ≤ 0.05 P value was considered statistically significant.
SPSS version 20 (IBM,
Armonk,
NY) for Windows 7 was used for statistical analysis.