Malignant small bowel tumors: key features for the differential diagnosis

Congress:

ECR 2020

Poster Number:

C-01997

Type:

Educational Exhibit

Keywords:

Oncologic Imaging, Gastrointestinal tract, Oncology, Small bowel, CT-Enterography, MR-Enterography, Ultrasound, Diagnostic procedure, Cancer, Not applicable

Authors:

M. D. C. Pérez García; Granada/ES

DOI:

10.26044/ecr2020/C-01997

DOI-Link:

https://dx.doi.org/10.26044/ecr2020/C-01997

Fig. 9: Lymphoma. General findings

Fig. 2: Adenocarcinoma. General findings

Fig. 12: GIST. General findings

Fig. 13: GIST. CT and MRI findings

Learning objectives

Describing the main imaging characteristics of the most frequent neoplasms of the small bowel, emphasizing their differences Reviewing the epidemiology, clinical presentations and typical findings of these pathologies

Background

Small bowel malignant tumors are relatively uncommon when considering gastrointestinal tract tumors, especially for the extension of this viscus in comparison to the rest of the tract. They account for 5% of these malignancies, in spite of arising in what represents 90% of the gastrointestinal surface. This may be due to the fast transit and high liquid content in this location. In the last 30 years, improvements in diagnosis and incidental findings for the increase in imaging studies, among other causes, have led to a...

Findings and procedure details

When dealing with malignant tumors of the small bowel, four histological types have to be considered: Adenocarcinoma Neuroendocrine tumor Lymphoma Gastrointestinal stromal tumor As previously mentioned, metastases ought to be included in the differential diagnosis too. This presentation aims to review the main features of all of them to facilitate the diagnosis: Epidemiology and risk factors Clinical presentation and usual location Imaging findings Differential diagnosis Adenocarcinoma: Epidemiology: Classically the most frequent malignant tumor in the small bowel, adenocarcinoma accounts for 40% of these, affecting patients...

Conclusion

Although rarely suspected, small bowelcancercan be the source of either acute or chronic symptoms.For this reason, recognizing them and being able toestablish a differential diagnosis is relevant in both urgent and ambulatory image studies and might bedecisive for the patients'management. Carcinoid tumor, adenocarcinoma, primary intestinal lymphoma and Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors(GIST)all show distinctive features that can be of use for their differential diagnosis through several imaging techniques,especially by CT, without forgetting US, MRI and even plain radiography. Location, patterns of growth and enhancement and clinical presentations...

Personal information and conflict of interest

M. D. C. Pérez García; Granada/ES - nothing to disclose

References

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