Learning objectives
Acquire basic knowledge of the pathophysiology of musculoskeletal manifestations of hemophilia.
Learning diagnostic techniques used in hemophilic arthropathy.
Identify early radiological signs of hemophilic arthropathy and illustrate the key radiological findings for its timely therapeutic approach.
Background
INTRODUCTION (Figure 1)
Hemophilia is an inherited bleeding disorder linked to the X chromosome caused by a deficiency in coagulation factor VIII, for hemophilia A, and factor IX, for hemophilia B.
Approximately 85% of patients with hemophilia suffer from hemophilia A, and 15% of hemophilia B.
The varying degrees of deficiency of factor VIII or factor IX defines the disease form as mild, moderate or severe. Severe hemophilia is characterized by basal levels of factor VIII or factor IX of less than 1%, moderate hemophilia...
Findings and procedure details
Musculoskeletal Complications of Hemophilia
In severe hemophilia, 90% of bleeding episodes involve the MSK system, and in 80% of cases, the joints are particularly affected (Figure 12).
These hemorrhages are spontaneous, without apparent cause and usually affect one joint at a time. The frequency and location of bleeding vary with age; Knees and elbows are most often affected in people over 30 years and in adolescents, the ankles are more compromised (figure 13).
Acute hemarthrosis
In hemophilia, the onset of pain and local discomfort are...
Conclusion
Although the diagnosis of hemophilia is based on clinical and bloodwork assessment, diagnostic imaging is an important tool to assess its complications, as well as a therapeutic component.
Radiography remains the start point in the diagnosis and follow-up of hemophilic arthropathy.
The radiological findings follow a sequence of logically expected events in the different joints.
Personal information and conflict of interest
J. J. Echeverri Palacio; Cali/CO - Author at Imbanaco Medical center G. F. F. Daza Cajas; Cali, VA/CO - nothing to disclose A. S. Echeverri Vallejo; Cali/CO - nothing to disclose
References
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6.James Donaldson, Nicholas Goddard....