Purpose
Idiopathic scoliosis with a Cobb angle more than 10° has a prevalence of 0.5% - 3% [1].
In a Norwegian study, they found a 0.55% prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) [1].
There is generally a higher incidence of AIS in northern countries [2].
At anearly age, when scoliosis is typically evolving, low radiation dose is essentialbecause children are more radiation sensitive[3-4].
Optimization of radiological examinations of children is thereforeimportant.
One method to reduce the radiation dose is to apply filters [5].
The filter attenuates...
Methods and materials
The study was conducted at Akershus University Hospital (Norway).
Phantom and equipment
The study was performed using adigital X-ray system, with image stitching equipment and software program ( Fig. 1 ).
Itwas conducted on a pediatric anthropomorphic phantom.
Conducting of experiments
Five scanson four different filters ( Fig. 2 ).
Same exposure parameters:
- 240 cm Source Image Distance (SID).
- 66 Kilovolt (kV) in the first image.
- 73 Kilovolt (kV) in the second image.
- Automatic Exposure Control(AEC).
Thephantomstands in Posterior-Anterior position (Lateral...
Results
Dose results
Table 1shows the total estimated effective dose, DAP percent change, and standard deviation of DAP for the different tested filters.
The highest DAP was with the 0Al filter.
The estimated effective dose became highest with the 2Al filter.
The highest percent decrease for estimated effective dose and DAP was with 0,2Cu+ 1Al filterwith approximately 15% and 47%.
Fig. 6 shows the ED with different filtration.
Fig. 7 shows the skin dose (AK) for the different filters.
The highest percent decrease was with the...
Conclusion
There was no significant difference in the image quality scores for the different filters.
Also, there was little significant difference overall in the image quality assessment between the different filters.
The 2Al, 0,1Cu + 1Al and 0,2Cu + 1Al mm filters reduced the dose approximately by 16%, 32% and 48%, compared to the non-filtration. Similar results have been found in previous studies [10].
Overall, our results show that the 0,2Cu + 1Al filter will be beneficial to use since it gave the most reduction in...
Personal information and conflict of interest
M. Oseberg; Kjeller/NO - nothing to disclose M. Sanden; Lørenskog/NO - nothing to disclose M. Riktor; Oslo/NO - nothing to disclose
References
Adobor RD, Riise RB, Sørensen R, Kibsgård TJ, Steen H, Brox JI. Scoliosis detection, patient characteristics, referral patterns and treatment in the absence of a screening program in Norway. Scoliosis [Internet]. 2012;7(1). DOI: 10.1186/1748-7161-7-18
Adobor RD, Rimeslatten S, Steen H, Brox JI. School screening and point prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in 4000 Norwegian children aged 12 years. Scoliosis [Internet]. 2011;6(1). DOI: 10.1186/1748-7161-6-23
Gialousis G, Yiakoumakis EN, Makri TK, Papadoupoulou D, Karlatira M, Karaiskos P, et al. Comparison Of Dose From Radiological Examination For Scoliosis...