1. To review the common characteristic presentations of nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM) infection. 2. To describe the various atypical image findings of pulmonary NTM infection 3. To share tips and tricks for diagnosis from a case-based review of CT findings

1)Background NTM infection can cause a wide array of clinical disease, but pulmonary disease is most frequent. Nowadays in many geographical regions, NTM cause greater burden than TB [1]. 2)Epidemiology and diagnosis MAC and M. kansasii, account for most cases of NTM infection [2]. (Fig. 1) M. scrofulaceum, M. fortuitum-chelonei, and M. gordonae may also cause pulmonary disease but are more commonly isolated elsewhere in the body [3]. 3)Diagnosis Identification of acid-fast bacilli at microscopy or isolation of NTM in culture by itself is not...

Multi-detector CT(MDCT) is the modality of choice for the detection of pulmonary NTM infection. The patterns of NTM infection can be divided into two main group based on the pattern in CT: fibrocavitary, nodular bronchiectatic[7]. Fibrocavitary form (Fig. 4) ♦Similar to postprimary TB ♦Older men with underlying COPD ♦Caused by MAC ♦Upper lobe cavitary lesion & endobronchial spread evidenced bynodules ♦Progresses slowly Noular bronchiectatic form (Fig. 5) ♦MAC and M. kansasii m/c ♦Commonly seen among elderly women with no predisposing factor ♦Indolent infection ♦Right middle...

This exhibit familiarizes the viewer typical and atypical CT appearances of pulmonary NTM infection.

D. Kim; Daegu/KR - nothing to disclose J.-K. Lim; Daegu/KR - nothing to disclose / Corresponding author

[1] Jakko van Ingen et al, Diagnosis of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;34:103-109. [2] J.D. Chalmersa, T.Aksamit, A.C.C.Carvalho, A.Rendon, I.Franco. Non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections. Pulmonol. 2018;24(2):120-131 [3] Marras TK, Daley CL. Epidemiology of human pulmonary infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria. Clin Chest Med 2002; 23:553–567 [4] Ellis SM, Hansell DM. Imaging of non-tuberculous (atypical) mycobacterial pulmonary infection. Clin Radiol 2002; 57:661–669 [5] Hwang JA, Kim S, Jo KW, Shim TS. Natural history of Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease in untreated patients with...