Learning objectives
To show the ultrasound evaluation of the ulnar nerve from its origin to its distal branches, including dynamic maneuvers
To illustrate the spectrum of pathology that could affect the ulnar nerve
To highlight the outstanding role of the ultrasound to assess the pathology of the peripheral nerves in the upper extremity
Background
Ultrasound studies of the peripheral nervous system have increased exponentially in the last years. The improvement in image resolution and the possibility to perform dynamic maneuvers have made it the technique of choice to evaluate the peripheral nerves. Below we describe the anatomy of the ulnar nerve, including its relationship with neighboring structures, as well as a wide variety of pathology.
Findings and procedure details
ANATOMY:
The ulnar nerve originates from the C8 and T1 roots.
[Fig 1]
Axilla: in the axilla it is placed between the axillary artery and the axillary vein to later run posteromedial to the brachial artery and median nerve in the arm.
[Fig 2]
Arm: it then continues down the arm located medial to the vastus medialis of the triceps. In the distal third of the arm it perforates the medial intermuscular septum and becomes more posterior.
[Fig 3]
Approximately 6-10 cm proximal to the...
Conclusion
We must be aware of the potential of the ultrasound to evaluate peripheral nerves. Its importance lies in its ability to detect pathology that could not be diagnosed with other imaging tests, especially in experienced hands.
Personal information and conflict of interest
S. Cayón Somacarrera:
Nothing to disclose
A. Lamagrande Obregón:
Nothing to disclose
A. B. Barba Arce:
Nothing to disclose
E. C. Gallardo Agromayor:
Nothing to disclose
M. R. Sanchez Crespo:
Nothing to disclose
R. M. Landeras Alvaro:
Nothing to disclose
References
Sconfienza LM, Albano D, Allen G, Bazzocchi A, Bignotti B, Chianca V, Facal de Castro F, Drakonaki EE, Gallardo E, Gielen J, Klauser AS, Martinoli C, Mauri G, McNally E, Messina C, Mirón Mombiela R, Orlandi D, Plagou A, Posadzy M, de la Puente R, Reijnierse M, Rossi F, Rutkauskas S, Snoj Z, Vucetic J, Wilson D, Tagliafico AS. Clinical indications for musculoskeletal ultrasound updated in 2017 by European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR) consensus. Eur Radiol. 2018 Dec;28(12):5338-5351. doi: 10.1007/s00330-018-5474-3
Iriarte I, Pedret C,...