to provide a basic understanding about the 3D printing process and to outline the requirements and methods necessary for aortic wall disease management using various 3D printing solutions. to showcase our experience so far in implementing this technology into our workflow and to highlight possible difficulties and setbacks that can be encountered.

With the rather explosive development of 3D printing in the manufacturing industry the technique has gained some traction in the last years when it comes to the medical field.The possibility of making custom, patient specific implants and tools for preoperative or educational purposes has shown great value in allowing to visualize complex anatomy, aid in surgical planning or training and lowering surgery time1.There is a wide range of readily available software programs and 3D printers that can provide the needed workspace for additive manufacturing (...

There are different factors that have to be considered when implementing a 3D printer in a vascular surgical environment, but from our limited experience and from literature2,3, the most important ones are as follows:Technology usedFused deposition modeling ( FDM ) or stereolithography ( SLA ) are the most common technologies used, both with their strengths and weaknesses4,5. So far we have worked only with an FDM printer and we’re planning to add a resin printer ( SLA ) to our setup.[Table 1]Sizing and resolution: Taking...

Manufacturing such models requires technical 3D printing knowledge and complex understanding of the anatomy, pathology as well as the surgical treatment options available.Considering the limited experience and sample size of 3D Models we have produced so far, implementing an open-source software and a Desktop 3D printer into our workflow, although time and resource consuming has proven to be a useful introductory step in using this technology.The results shown are promising13but further investigation and more documented studies regarding the topic are needed to provide more insight14.

S. C. Radu: Nothing to disclose B. Popa: Nothing to disclose C. A. Minoiu: Nothing to disclose M-A. Ali: Nothing to disclose

Goudie C, Kinnin J, Bartellas M, Gullipalli R, Dubrowski A. The Use of 3D Printed Vasculature for Simulation-based Medical Education Within Interventional Radiology. Cureus. 2019;11(4):e4381. Published 2019 Apr 3. doi:10.7759/cureus.4381. Tack, P., Victor, J., Gemmel, P. et al. 3D-printing techniques in a medical setting: a systematic literature review. BioMed Eng OnLine 15, 115 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-016-0236-4 - time reduction of surgical procedure Torres, Inez and De Luccia, Nelson. "Artificial vascular models for endovascular training (3D printing)" Innovative Surgical Sciences, vol. 3, no. 3, 2018, pp. 225-234....