Learning objectives
To highlight the spectrum of neuroradiological manifestations associated with diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs).
To describe for each disease the clinical presentation and imaging findings characterizing the thoracic and the intracranial involvement,
both of which can manifest in the same patient.
Background
DPLDs comprise a complex group of more than 200 diseases including sarcoidosis,
Langerhans cell hystiocytosis (LCH),
lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM),
and vasculitis.
Some of them are associated with multisystemic manifestations,
of which the cerebral involvement results in significant morbidity and mortality.
Intracranial lesions have been observed during the course of the disease in patients with known disease,
but they also can precede the diagnosis of these disorders as the first presenting manifestation,
in which case they can cause considerable diagnostic problems.
Imaging findings OR procedure details
Sarcoidosis:
Definition:
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder characterized by the development of noncaseating granulomas,
frequently found in relation with lymphatics.
Often called the “great mimicker”,
it can involve many organs with multiple clinical presentations,
with most of them related to pulmonary,
skin and ocular involvement [1].
It typically presents in young and middle-age adults under the age of 50 years,
although children and elderly may also be affected.
The diagnosis is established when clinic-radiological findings are supported by histological evidence of noncaseating epithelioid granulomas (Fig....
Conclusion
DPLDs as manifestation of systemic disease should prompt a careful diagnostic search for additional intracranial specific lesions in the presence of neurological symptoms.
References
[1] D.
Ganeshan,
C.O.
Menias,
M.G.
Lubner,
P.J.
Pickhardt,
K.
Sandrasegaran,
S.
Bhalla,
Sarcoidosis from Head to Toe: What the Radiologist Needs to Know,
Radiographics 38(4) (2018) 1180-1200.
[2] Statement on sarcoidosis.
Joint Statement of the American Thoracic Society (ATS),
the European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the World Association of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders (WASOG) adopted by the ATS Board of Directors and by the ERS Executive Committee,
February 1999,
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 160(2) (1999) 736-55.
[3] M.C.
Iannuzzi,
B.A.
Rybicki,...
Personal Information
Presenting author:
Ruxandra-Iulia Milos
Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy
Medical University of Vienna
[email protected]