Learning objectives
1.
To be aware of the cause of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax
2.To be familiar with variable causes of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax
Background
Pneumothorax,
the presence of air within the pleural space,
is considered to be one of the most common forms of thoracic disease (1).
It is classified into spontaneous and traumatic,
or iatrogenic pneumothorax.
Spontaneous pneumothorax is classified into primary and secondary and it is known that secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) shows higher risk of recurrence compared with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) (1,2).
Usually the treatment of PSP are observation with O2 supply or surgery such as bullectomy.
However,
the treatment and management of SSP needs...
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
The variable causes of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP)
1.
Airway disease
Pulmonary emphysema
Cystic fibrosis
Severe asthma
2.
Infectious lung disease
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Necrotizing pneumonia
Fungal disease
Septic emboli
3.
Interstitial lung disease
Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (Figure 1)
Sarcoidosis
Histiocytosis X
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Neurofibromatosis (Figure 2)
Sjogren syndrome (Figure 3)
4.
Connective tissue disease
Rheumatoid arthritis,
scleroderma,
ankylosing spondylitis
Marfan's disease
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (Figure 4)
5.
Malignant disease
Lung cancer
Sarcoma
6.
Others
Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome (Figure 5)
Metastasizing leiomyoma (Figure 6)
Catamedial pneumothorax
Radiation...
Conclusion
To be aware of the cause of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax especially focusing on secondary spontaneous pneumothorax can be easy to detect of variable causes and can suggests further management.
References
1.
A.
MacDuff,
A.
Arnold,
and J.
Harvey,
Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline 2010,
Thorax,
vol 65.
No.
2,
pp.
ii18-ii31,
2010.
2.
C.
S.
Sasson,
The etiology and treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax,
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine,
vol.
1,
no.
4,
pp.
331-338,
1995.
3.
J.
Ichinose,
K.
Nagayama,
H.Hino et al.,
Results of surgical treatment for secondary spontaneous pneumothorax according to underlying diseases,
European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery,
vol.
49,
no.
4,
pp.
1132-1136,
2016.
4.
DK Jensen...
Personal Information
So Youn Shin,
MD,
phD,
Department of Radiology,
Kyung Hee University Hospital,
College of Medicine,
Kyung Hee University,
23,
Kyungheedae-ro,
Dongdaemun-gu,
Seoul 130-872,SouthKorea (e-mail:
[email protected],
[email protected])
Dong Wook Sung,
MD,
phD,
Department of Radiology,
Kyung Hee University Hospital,
College of Medicine,
Kyung Hee University,
23,
Kyungheedae-ro,
Dongdaemun-gu,
Seoul 130-872,
South Korea