Type:
Educational Exhibit
Keywords:
Cardiac, Cardiovascular system, Anatomy, CT-Angiography, CT, Computer Applications-3D, Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis, Congenital
Authors:
A. Yadav1, T. B. S. Buxi2, K. S. Rawat1, S. S. Ghuman3, H. Panwala2, A. Agarwal1; 1New Delhi/IN, 2New Delhi, Delhi/IN, 3NOIDA, UTTAR PRADESH/IN
DOI:
10.1594/ecr2013/C-0513
Background
Echocardiography is the initial screening modality in a case of congenital heart disease.
But the use of this modality is encumbered by the limited ability to delineate great arteries and extra cardiac anomalies,
pulmonary veins and coronary arteries.
Diagnostic cardiac catheterisation has small but well known risk and it is usually performed if echocardiography fails to provide a confident evaluation.1 MR imaging is often limited in evaluation of seriously ill or uncooperative patients,
is contraindicated for patients with pacemaker,
is time consuming and may require sedation.
The role of CT is well established in evaluation of congenital heart disease but little has been reported on the role of three dimensional reconstructions which make it an unparalleled one-stop-modality for extensive and complete delineation of the anomalies.2 The different anatomic structures (i.e.,
heart,
great vessels,
lungs and abdomen) can be evaluated simultaneously in one acquisition.
The technologic advances have produced diagnostic quality images with increased speed,
markedly decreased the sedation time,
and ease of peripheral venous access without angiography complications.
The reconstructed images such as multi planar reformations (MPR),
maximum intensity projections (MIP) and volume rendering technique (VRT) with ability to review images by radiologists and the cardiologists repeatedly and in any desired plane are invaluable for planning treatment.
We have a spectrum of Atrial and Ventricular Septal Defects,
Tetralogy of Fallot,
Tricuspid Atresia,
Single Ventricle,
Double Aortic Arch,
Right sided Aortic Arch,
Coarctation of Aorta,
Patent Ductus Arteriosus,
Total and Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage,
Abernethy Syndrome,
Situs Ambiguous,
Situs Inversus with Dextrocardia,
Pulmonary Veno Occlusive Disease,
Williams Syndrome and a combination of these defects.