Type:
Educational Exhibit
Keywords:
Abdomen, Gastrointestinal tract, CT, eLearning, Cancer, Lymphoma
Authors:
T. E. B. M'rad, R. Aouini, S. Essghaier, B. Fraj, N. REGAYA, A. Zidi; Tunis/TN
DOI:
10.1594/ecr2018/C-2941
Background
Lymphomas are lymphoproliferative malignancies arising from clonal lymphocyte proliferation.
Extranodal lymphoma (dominant extranodal component) occurs in about 40% of cases and is more common with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Secondary GI lymphoma is more common than primary one which usually involves only one site.
GI lymphoma occurs in 10 to 30% of patients with extranodal lymphoma.
The stomach is most commonly involved followed by the small intestine,
pharynx,
large bowel and rarely,
esophagus.
The majority of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas of the GI tract are of B-cell origin.
Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) (low-grade marginal zone B-cell lymphoma) and diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) are the two most common histological subtypes.
GI lymphoma is more common in men and occurs,
generally,
between the 5th and 6th decades of life.
Although rare in childhood,
they are the most common GI tumors in this age.
Risk factors include Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection,
immunosuppression after solid organ transplantation,
celiac disease,
inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease),
systemic lupus erythematosus,
human immunodeficiency virus infection,
history of chemotherapy and extra-intestinal lymphoma.
GI lymphoma has a good prognosis because of its tendency to remain confined to the bowel wall before tumor spread.
The treatment often includes surgical resection of the lesion followed by postoperative radiation,
chemotherapy,
or both.