Renal transplant (RT) represents the elective treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease.
Complications after RT. The most common urolgical complications after RT are perigraft fluid collections, occuring in 2.5%–30% of recipients, depending on the transplant center and the surgical approach, leading to a number of further serious complications1,2.
These collections can be:
![](https://epos.myesr.org/posterimage/esr/ecr2020/155431/media/857750?maxheight=300&maxwidth=300)
Fig. 1: Perirenal graft hematoma. Unenhanced (a) and enhanced CT in cortico-medullary phase (b), nephrogenic phase (c) and excretory phase (d): large perirenal hyperdense nonenhancing collection (*) compressing the renal parenchyma and sinus.
References: Radiology, Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- perigraft lymphoceles ( Fig. 2 ),
![](https://epos.myesr.org/posterimage/esr/ecr2020/155431/media/867365?maxheight=300&maxwidth=300)
Fig. 2: Perirenal graft lymphocele. Unenhanced (a) and enhanced CT in nephrogenic phase (b) and excretory phase (c). Perirenal graft lympocele: small perirenal fluid nonenhancing collection (arrow).
References: Radiology, Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- perigraft urinomas ( Fig. 3 ),
![](https://epos.myesr.org/posterimage/esr/ecr2020/155431/media/867452?maxheight=300&maxwidth=300)
Fig. 3: Perirenal graft urinoma. Unenhanced (a) and enhanced CT evaluation in early excretory phase (b) and late excretory phase (c) of a small perirenal collection (arrow) progressively filling with contrast material.
References: Radiology, Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
More information can be found in Table 1 .
![](https://epos.myesr.org/posterimage/esr/ecr2020/155431/media/857808?maxheight=300&maxwidth=300)
Table 1: Features of perigraft fluid collections
References: Cristache Ioan Andrei
The most valuable tool in diagnosing, monitoring and choosing the right therapeutic approach for all of these collections is CT.
The advantages of CT in describing these lesions are very important, helping us to:
- Locate and evaluate the extension of lesions;
- Describe the lesion type;
- Contribute to the therapeutic approach and management: interventional radiology or open surgery?
The main CT aspects of these collections will be discussed in the further sections.