Keywords:
Education and training, Education, Ultrasound-Colour Doppler, Ultrasound, Neuroradiology peripheral nerve, Musculoskeletal system, Anatomy
Authors:
E. Massone1, S. Perugin Bernardi2, D. Orlandi2, A. Muda2, E. Silvestri1; 1Genoa/IT, 2Genova/IT
DOI:
10.1594/essr2018/P-0025
Background
Ultrasonography is an established method for peripheral nerves imaging.
Ultrasound of normal nerves: characteristic “honeycomb” appearance in short axis,
where the hypoechoic nerve fascicles are surrounded by hyperechoic connective tissue and collagen.
In the long axis,
peripheral nerves present as long,
slim structures with a mixture of parallel hyperechogenic lines ,
representing the perineurium ,
between two more prominent and also hyperechogenic layers of the epineurium.
.
This image resembles that of an electric cable.
The brachial plexus is a network of nerve fibres that supplies the skin and musculature of the upper limb. It consists of roots,
trunks,
divisions,
cords and terminal branches as it travels from proximal (ventral roots of C5-C8 and T1 nerves) to distal upper limb.