Compare the radiologic features between two diseases where early detection with right conduct directly affects patient's survival.

Childhood cancers are uncommon, but are still the major disease-related death in children. The symptoms are vague and occasionally insidious like fever and weight loss, which are more common in patients with neuroblastoma (6), with early diagnosis critical to the patient prognosis (5). The detection of a retroperitoneal mass, which is the main symptom in these patients (3.25) in 75-95% (26), in children requires a fast and accurate operation (3). Neuroblastoma affects mainly aged between 2 months and 2 years (23) and are slightly more...

The diagnosis should be careful with mesoblastic nephroma because their imaging findings are similar to Wilms tumor in children with one year old or less (8). Sometimes neuroblastoma simulates the Wilms tumor presenting as a solid intrarenal neoplasm, characterizing the undifferentiated neuroblastoma (10). At ultrasound, Wilms tumor commonly presents with an echogenic mass with discrete hypoechoic areas corresponding to necrosis (13). The Doppler study can be done, since the more vascularized, more aggressive is it behavior (24). The neuroblastoma, presents itself as a heterogeneous form,...

Despite the increased survival of these renal tumors due to the result of improved access and diagnostic techniques - especially the imaging - collection of epidemiological data, treatment modalities and multidisciplinary care with these patients, pathological examination still indispensable.

Schmitt J, Keller A, Nourkami-Tutdibi N, Heisel S, Habel N, Leidinger P, Ludwig N, Gessler M, Graf N, Berthold F, Lenhof HP, Meese E. Autoantibody signature differentiates Wilms tumor patients from neuroblastoma patients. PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28951. Epub 2011 Dec 16. Primary renal neuroblastoma--a clinical pathologic study of 8 cases. 2012 Jan;36(1):94-100.Fan RAm J Surg Pathol. Malaise O, Vandenbosch K, Uyttebroeck A, Renard M, Bricteux G. Retroperitoneal mass in children: clinical cases of Wilms tumor and neuroblastoma. Rev Med Liege. 2010 Mar;65(3):115-6. Abbaszadeh F, Barker KT,...