Learning objectives
To review the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of cerebral aneurysms.
To explain the diagnostic images of cerebral aneurysms.
To explain and to review the indications,
contraindications,
interventional method,
images,
outcomes,
complications and timing of controls,
of the Flow- Diverter Devices.
Background
For several years,
endovascular treatment has been the first-line treatment in the management of both ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms.
Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms by coiling has become an accepted alternative to surgical clipping,
with increasing evidence for lower morbidity and mortality rates,
especially in clinical equipoise.
However,
especially in wide-neck,
fusiform,
dissecting,
and giant aneurysms,
incomplete coiling and reperfusion are still a major limitation preventing stable long-term occlusion.
Despite technical developments,
the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms still has some limitations.
It is...
Findings and procedure details
INDICATIONS
Wide neck Saccular aneurysms (fundus-to-neck ratio> 2 or neck diameter> 4mm)
Fusiform or circunferential aneurysms
Dissecting aneurysms
Blister-like aneurysms
Large (10-25 mm) and Giant aneurysms (≥ 25 mm) or those presenting with mass effect
Incorporation of side branches
Post-treatment recanalization
Incomplete coiling and reperfusion of the aneurysm
Recurrent aneurysm
In very small aneurysm untreatable by standard coiling technique
INTERVENTIONAL METHOD
Transfemoral approach with the patient under general anesthesia.
Guiding catheter was introduced through a femoral sheath into the carotid or vertebral artery.
Radiologic...
Conclusion
According to the current series published in the literature,
the treatment of intracranial aneurysms with flow diverters is associated with a high rate of complete aneurysm occlusion.
The Flow Diverter Devices for treatment of difficult-to-treat or otherwise intractable intracranial aneurysms are a safe and effective treatment.
Long-term durability and safety still remain to be proved by larger series and after prolonged follow-up.
References
Laurent Pierot.
Flow diverter stents in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms: Where are we?.
Journal of Neuroradiology (2011) 38,
40—46.
Pietro I.
D’Urso,
MD; Giuseppe Lanzino,
MD; Harry J.
Cloft,
MD,
PhD; David F.
Kallmes,
MD.Flow Diversion for Intracranial Aneurysms A Review.
Stroke.
2011;42: 2363-2368.
M.A.
Mohlenbruch,
C.
Herweh,
L.
Jestaedt,
S.
Stampfl,
S.
Schonenberger,
P.A.
Ringleb,
M.
Bendszus,
and M.
Pham.
The FRED Flow-Diverter Stent for Intracranial Aneurysms: Clinical Study to Assess Safety and Efficacy.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 36:1155– 61 Jun 2015.
Interventional...