Learning objectives
To appreciate the role of imaging and to describe imaging patterns in parasitic infestations.
Background
Parasites are organisms that live in another organism at the host’s expense. The human body can be the definitive, intermediate, or accidental host of several different parasites. Several parasites pose considerable health problem in endemic areas (1,2)
The disease may be transmitted by fecal-oral route, penetration of skin by larvae or vectors. Helminthiasis is endemic in developing countries but it also occurs in nonendemic areas because of immigration and travel.(3)
Parasitic diseases can pose a diagnostic challenge and simulate other conditions . Specific and advanced...
Findings and procedure details
ECHINOCOCCOSIS
Mainly caused by E. granulosus.
Definitive host are dogs and intermediate hosts are usually sheep or goats.Humans accidentally become intermediate hosts after ingestion of worm's eggs(2)
Type I cyst(WHO CL,WHO CE1) - unilocular, presence of denser material in cyst (falling snowflakes inside cyst in US, or higher attenuation contents in CT), and low signal intensity rim in T2WI MR (11,12).
Type II cysts (WHO CE 2) contain daughter cysts in periphery appearing as multiseptated cysts. Mother cyst has denser content than daughter cysts and...
Conclusion
High level of clinical suspicion with adequate history taking is crucial to diagnose parasitic infection .Certain lesions have characteristic patterns and hence imaging findings will aid in early detection of disease.Knowledge of geographic distribution, transmission cycle and manifestations of common helminthic diseases at abdominal imaging like radiography, CT, MRI, and ultrasonography aids in diagnosis.
Personal information and conflict of interest
Dr. I . Gurubharath MD Ph.D
Professor & HOD Department of Radiodiagnosis
Velammal Medical College Hospital & Research Institute
Velammal,Madurai
Tamil Nadu – 625009, India.
E-mail:
[email protected]
Dr. Sumukh Mithunkul.B
Postgraduate resident
Department of Radiodiagnosis
Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute
Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 603108
India
E-mail:
[email protected]
Dr. Harshavardhan Balaganesan
Senior resident
Department of Radiodiagnosis
Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute
Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 603108
India
E-mail:
[email protected]
References
1.Hernández P, Rodríguez Carnero P, Martín Garre S (2013) Unexpected hosts: imaging parasitic diseases. doi:10.1594 /ecr2013/C-2165
2.Carnero PR, Mateo PH, Martín-Garre S, Pérez ÁG, Del Campo L. Unexpected hosts: imaging parasitic diseases. Insights into imaging. 2017 Feb 1;8(1):101-25.
3.Ortega CD, Ogawa NY, Rocha MS, Blasbalg R, Caiado AH, Warmbrand G, Cerri GG. Helminthic diseases in the abdomen: an epidemiologic and radiologic overview. Radiographics. 2010 Jan;30(1):253-67.
4.Nogami Y, Fujii-Nishimura Y, Banno K, Suzuki A, Susumu N, Hibi T et al (2016) Anisakiasis mimics cancer recurrence: two...