Learning objectives
To shortly present the scope of clinical,
pathological and radiological features of tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TSGCT) - a group of rare proliferative lesions occurring mostly in young and middle-aged adults.
Background
TSGCTs are rare,
predominantly benign proliferations of synovial tissue lining joints,
bursas or tendon sheats and can,
therefore,
be classified according to their site as intraarticular and extraarticular lesions.
The World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of Soft Tissue and Bone (2013) divides the entity according to the growth pattern into two groups:
a more common localized form affecting only a portion of the synovium and predominantly involving the digits and wrists;
a less frequent diffuse form (previously known as pigmented villonodular synovitis) involving substantial...
Findings and procedure details
Epidemiology
Although this disorder can affect anyone it is mostly seen in young and middle-aged adults.
The localized form affects most commonly the fingers and wrists of individuals between the ages 30 and 50 with a 2:1 female predominance.
The diffuse form is typically seen in the knees,
hips,
and ankles of individuals below the age of 40,
with only a slight female predominance.
Clinical presentation
The clinical presentation is relatively nonspecific and varies depending on the site and disease progression.
The progression of symptoms...
Conclusion
Although the diagnosis of TSGCT is histopathological the radiologist should be aware of this rare entity when interpreting images and if appropriate present it as a likely diagnosis.
References
1.
Gaillard,
F.
(n.d.).
Pigmented villonodular synovitis | Radiology Reference Article.Retrieved from https://radiopaedia.org/articles/pigmented-villonodular-synovitis
2.
Gaillard,
F.
(n.d.).
Tenosynovial giant cell tumor | Radiology Reference Article.
Retrieved from https://radiopaedia.org/articles/tenosynovial-giant-cell-tumour?lang=us
3.
Gouin,
F.,
& Noailles,
T.
(2017).
Localized and diffuse forms of tenosynovial giant cell tumor (formerly giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath and pigmented villonodular synovitis).
Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research, 103(1).
doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2016.11.002
4.
Mastboom,
M.,
Verspoor,
F.,
Hanff,
D.,
Gademan,
M.,
Dijkstra,
P.,
Schreuder,
H.,
.
.
.
Sande,
M.
V.
(2018).
Severity...