Learning objectives
After this exhibit the reader will be able to:
- Understand the topographic functional anatomy of the brain.
- Suggest the location of a lesion based on its the clinical manifestations and vice versa.
- Describe the principles of functional MRI (fMRI).
- Choose the functional paradigm according to the location of a lesion.
- Interpret real-life cases.
- Understand the clinical transcendence of fMRI.
Implication for patient care.
Background
Table of contents:
1) Background.
2) Basics of topographic functional anatomy: What is the symptom – where is the lesion?.
3) Understandig fMRI.
Problem based learning – cases to the functional diagnosis.
4) Techniques related to fMRI.
5) Conclusion.
1.
Background.
Brain function has always fascinated the scientific community.
Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries,
most of what was known about cortical representation of cerebral functions was acquired through pathology models or in vivo direct stimulation of the brain’s surface.
More recently with the arrival...
Findings and procedure details
2.
Basics of topographic functional anatomy: What is the symptom – where is the lesion?
A theoretical brain functional map allows the radiologist to plan the fMRI and interpret its results correctly.
Knowing the usual cortical localization of a function allows one to grossly locate a lesion on the brain by the symptoms it produces and vice versa.
Although the human brain can perform a wide variety of tasks,
in clinical practice we evaluate the most elemental forms of cortical activity: motor,
somatosensory,
verbal,
visual...
Conclusion
5.
Conclusion.
The introduction of fMRI in clinical practice adds value to the correlation of imaging with patients' symptoms and signs.
Furthermore,
fMRI can aid in establishing the treatment plan.
Moreover,
fMRI can inspire new treatment and rehabilitation protocols based on the neuronal plasticity and redistribution of the cortical representation of a function.
Therefore,
it is imperative that radiologists recognize anatomical landmarks in order to accurately describe the location of lesions in their reports.
Personal information
I.
García Duitama. Department of Radiology.
Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge.
C/ Feixa Llarga S/N.
PC 08907.
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat,
Barcelona,
Spain.
S.
Castaner.Department of Radiology.
Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge - Hospital Duran i Reynals.C/ Feixa Llarga S/N.
PC 08907.L'Hospitalet de Llobregat,
Barcelona,
Spain.
A.
Camins.Department of Radiology.
Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge - Hospital Duran i Reynals.C/ Feixa Llarga S/N.
PC 08907.L'Hospitalet de Llobregat,
Barcelona,
Spain.
L.
Farras Roca.Department of Radiology.
Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge.C/ Feixa Llarga S/N.
PC 08907.L'Hospitalet de Llobregat,
Barcelona,
Spain.
M.
Cos.Department...
References
1.
Delgado JA,
Rascovsky S,
Sanz A,
Castrillón JG.
Introducción práctica a la resonancia magnética funcional cerebral (RMF).
Rev Colomb Radiol.
2008 Mar;19(1):2300–9.
2.
Tamraz J,
Comair Y.
Atlas of Regional Anatomy of the Brain Using MRI: With Functional Correlations.
Springer Science & Business Media; 2006.
Chapters 4,
5 and 9.
3.
Ford A,
McGregor KM,
Case K,
Crosson B,
White KD.
Structural connectivity of Broca's area and medial frontal cortex.
NeuroImage.
2010 Oct 1;52(4):1230–7.
4.
Catani M,
Jones DK,
ffytche DH.
Perisylvian language networks...