Fungal infection occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients and is often a life-threatening illness. An early and precise diagnosis is essential. Chest radiographic features are usually nonspecific and HRCT is supposed to be superior to chest radiography in terms of early detection. The purpose of this exhibit is to show the typical chest HRCT findings of fungal infection useful for making an early diagnosis and to determine the differential diagnosis from other entities occurring in the immunocompromised patients. In addition, another purpose of this exhibit is...

We retrospectively reviewed CT database in our institution and found CT images of patients with fungal infection confirmed by laboratory or pathologic findings.

Introduction Fungal infection may occur in any immunocompromised patients. It occurs most commonly in patients undergoing aggressive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). It is seen in 12-45% of cases of pneumonia occurring in patients with HSCT Pathogens The frequent pathogens are Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans, especially, about 60 % of fungal infections in the immunocompromised patients is due to Aspergillus infection. Common radiologic findings n Fungal infection usually shows nodules or masses. Mori et al. reported that, among 21 patients of fungal...

Although HRCT findings of pulmonary fungal infection were diverse, some characteristic HRCT findings will be seen which are useful in discriminating fungal infections from other lung diseases occurring in the immunocompromised patients.