To improve understanding of normal radiographic anatomy by correlating frontal and lateral chest radiographs with MDCT images.To illustrate normal variants, developmental anomalies and normal structures that mimic disease on chest radiographs, and to compare these with reconstructed MDCT images in multiple planes with volume rendering under three categories (lung and pleura; mediastinum and hilum; and others).

Frontal and lateral radiography has traditionally been used to evaluate the chest, but computed tomography is increasingly used as an adjunct to conventional radiography for the evaluation of parenchymal and mediastinal disease. Nevertheless, radiography remains a very important modality in this context, and use of chest radiography alone can provide a vast amount of useful information. This information is derived from the configurations and interrelationships of the anatomic structures in the lung, mediastinum, pleura, bone or cartilage. For example, the anatomical details of the classical...

A wide spectrum of radiographic and MDCT findings are demonstrated under three categories: 1.Lung and pleura: including bronchial atresia, bronchopulmonary sequestration, partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (scimitar syndrome), arteriovenous malformation, superolateral major fissure, variation of the right minor fissure, accessory fissures, and azygos lobe. 2.Mediastinum and hilum: including aberrant right subclavian artery, right aortic arch, double aortic arch, persistent left SVC, azygos continuation of the IVC, aortic nipple, buckling innominate artery, prominent mediastinal vessels, variation in bronchial branching, tracheal lateral buckling, and a prominent thymus....

Various conditions such as overlapping of normal structures, normal variants, developmental anomalies or acquired deformity of organs can mimic tumors or other pathological conditions on routine chest radiography. Radiologists need to understand the detailed anatomy and variations of findings. Correlation of chest radiographs and 2D- or 3D- reconstructed CT images dramatically improves understanding of the radiographic anatomy of complicated and overlapping multiple components.

A. Yamamoto,S. Suzuki, K. Toyoda, M.Yamasaki, E. Lien, T. O'uchi, S. Furui. Department of Radiology, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga Itabashiku, Tokyo, Japan.mail to: [email protected]; Department of Radiology, Kohka Public Hospital, Shiga,Japan.E. Lien, T. O'uchi; Department of Radiology, Kameda Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.

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