During embryonic development,
six pairs of aortic arches connect the two primitive ventral
and dorsal aortas .
The ventral aorta becomes the ascending aorta,
the dorsal aorta
originates the descending thoracic aorta,
and the left fourth aortic arch forms the normal left
aortic arch.
The majority of the first,
second,
and fifth arches regress.
The third aortic arches form the carotid arteries .
The right fourth arch involutes; its persistence with regression of the left arch is associated with a right aortic arch,
and when both fourth arches persist,
a double aortic arch is present.
The dorsal portion of the right sixth arch disappears; the left sixth arch forms the ductus arteriosus.
Finally,
the seventh intersegmental arteries persist,
migrate cephalically,
and form the subclavian arteries (3).
Aortic arch anomalies constitute the most common type of congenital anomalies of the thoracic aorta (4).
Radiologists should be prepared to fully describe congenital aortic arch anomalies; recognize them on CT angiography,
especially the presence or absence of vascular rings or aberrant arteries; and explain their association with the trachea and esophagus(5).
İn this study,
aortic arch branching anomalies are not association with trachea and esophagus.
The left aortic arch is located to the left of the trachea on a frontal chest radiograph.
Cross-sectional imaging demonstrates a left-sided arch with a normal branching pattern.
The order of the branches,
from right to left,
is as follows: the brachiocephalic artery that branches into right subclavian and right common carotid arteries,
the left common carotid artery,
and finally the left subclavian artery.
The diameter of the brachiocephalic artery is larger than the left common carotid and subclavian arteries (6).
Variations in branching pattern of arcus aorta are not rare and being aware of them before surgical and interventional procedures of this region is important.
İn this study,
six types of aortic arch branching were found.
In 792 cases (79.2 %) classical branching pattern of arcus aorta.
An understanding of the variability of the vertebral artery remains most important in angiography and surgical procedures where an incomplete knowledge of anatomy can lead to serious implications.
We found 22 cases with vertebral artery outlet anomalies and 14 cases of them we used Doppler US examination..
Velocity,
volume,
total volume,
resistivity index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) parameters of every two VA are utilized with Doppler US method in 14 cases.
Doppler US parameters and clinical findings was normal of 14 cases of vertebral artery outlet anomalies.