Patients

Records of all 40 patients who received a diagnosis of chloroma from 2007 to 2012 were retrieved from the division of pediatrics hematology database at our institution, which is a   tertiary referral children cancer center. Diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma was based on histologic examination of biopsy specimens from affected sites. Complete hematologic investigations, including bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy, were performed in all patients. The diagnosis of myeloid leukemia was based on bone marrow and peripheral blood examination. Clinical parameters, including primary hematologic diagnosis, treatment of granulocytic sarcoma, and treatment outcome, were retrieved.

 The patients ranged in age from 1-12 years, 15 of the patients were females and 25 were males.

Imaging

 Retrospective review of the patients` radiological studies was done using PACS system

Most imaging was performed at the radiology department in our institution. We retrieved the few

CT scans that had been obtained at private institutions. Over time, all patients had undergone multiple imaging studies.   Almost all patients had CT studies fifteen patients had MR imaging which was performed with a 1.5-T magnet. Only five patients had US studies.

Two experienced radiologists reviewed all imaging studies, paying particular attention to the site of relapse and imaging features.