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Type:
Educational Exhibit
Keywords:
Abdomen, Anatomy, Veins / Vena cava, CT, CT-Angiography, Ultrasound, Education, Filter insertions, Thrombolysis, Embolism / Thrombosis, Varices, Neoplasia
Authors:
H. Khosa, N. El Saeity, N. Ramesh; Portlaoise/IE
DOI:
10.1594/ecr2015/C-1393
Background
The IVC is formed by the confluence of the left and right common iliac veins.
Numerous paired segmental lumbar veins drain into the IVC throughout its length.
The right gonadal vein enters directly into the IVC,
whereas thee left gonadal vein enters into the left renal vein.
The azygous system has connections with the IVC or the renal veins at the level of the renal veins.
The next major veins encountered are the renal veins,
followed by the hepatic veins.
No valves are within the IVC.
The IVC enters the right atrium
Several congenital anomalies of venous anatomy can involve the IVC,
including duplication/ double IVC.
{Fig 7} Thrombus occur secondary to the usual causes of thrombosis or tumoral extension {renal tumours}
Venous pathology includes thrombotic occlusion of portal,
splenic,
mesenteric,
ovarian,
iliac veins and vena cava {including thrombosis of both veins in IVC duplication}; Acute presentation of Budd Chiari syndrome {the clinical triad of ascites and hepatomegaly and abdominal pain}:{Fig.9}