Congenital pulmonary airway malformation and pulmonary sequestration represent two entities of the spectrum of bronchopulmonary foregut malformation. These conditions may be detected incidentally on prenatal ultrasound examinations or postnatal chest radiograph, performed for other indications, or they may present with associated conditions and complications. We propose to achieve these objectives: To identify the usual prenatal and postnatal imaging features of congenital pulmonary airway malformation and pulmonary sequestration, with a brief comparison of the radiological findings.

Bronchopulmonary foregut malformations (BPFM) are a heterogeneous group of uncommon pulmonary developmental abnormalities, which may present at varying ages and with overlapping symptoms and radiological features. These conditions are rare but important causes of morbidity in infants, presenting with acute respiratory distress, polyhydramnios and hydrops; however, they may also remain asymptomatic until adulthood and found incidentally [1]. BPFMs result from defective budding and differentiation of the embryonic foregut and tracheobronchial tree, occurring during the first weeks of lung development; however, the type and timing of...

Antenatal ultrasound In recent years, improvements in imaging, particularly in fetal ultrasound (US), have allowed earlier detection of smaller pulmonary masses. Most of the lesions are discovered on ultrasound at around the end of the second trimester (range 16–36 weeks), although the time of discovery often depends on the date of the first antenatal scan. Ultrasound can then be used to monitor the intra-uterine course of the lesion. Furthermore, the role of ultrasound has become ever more important in deciding when intervention may be appropriate...

CPAM and pulmonary sequestration are commonly detected at routine prenatal ultrasound or in the immediate neonatal period. However, silent forms of these disorders may not become apparent until the child is older, and some people are not diagnosed until adulthood. Familiarity with the various imaging features of these abnormalities is crucial for prenatal counselling and appropriate peri- and postnatal management.

Dario Giambelluca, [email protected] Department of Radiology, University of Palermo Gian Piero Minnella, [email protected] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Palermo

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